De Certas Relações entre os Advogados e a Verdade, ou da Parcialidade Obrigatória dos Primeiros
Autor | Piero Calamandrei |
Ocupação do Autor | Jornalista, Jurista, Político e Docente universitário italiano |
Páginas | 83-91 |
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A luta entre os advogados e a verdade é tão antiga como a disputa entre o diabo e a água benta e, entre as facécias correntes acerca da mentira profissional dos advogados, ouve-se às vezes, a sério, este raciocínio: em qualquer processo há dois advogados, que não podem ambos falar a verdade, uma vez que sustentam teses contraditórias; logo, um deles mente. Isto autorizaria a dizer que cinquenta por cento dos advogados são mentirosos. Mas como o advogado que tem razão numa causa não a tem noutra, segue-se que todos estão dispostos a sustentar, no mo-
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mento oportuno, causas perdidas, ou seja: que são todos mentirosos.
Este raciocínio esquece, porém, que a verdade tem três dimensões e que pode aparecer sob formas diversas a quem a observe, conforme os diversos pontos de vista sob os quais a veja.
Num processo, os dois advogados, apesar de sustentarem teses opostas, podem estar e quase sempre estão de boa-fé, uma vez que representam a verdade, tal como o veem sob o prisma por que a vê seu cliente.
Há, num museu de Londres, um quadro famoso do pintor Champaigne, no qual se pintou o cardeal Richelieu em três atitudes diferentes. Ao centro da tela, nós o vemos de frente; aos lados, nós o vemos de perfil a olhar para o centro. O modelo é um só, mas na tela parece que são três pessoas a conversar, de tal modo são diferentes as expressões das figuras vistas de perfil e, mais do que isso, o ar calmo que, no retrato do centro, é a síntese dessas duas figuras.
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Num processo acontece o mesmo. Os advogados procuram a verdade de perfil, esforçando o olhar, e apenas o juiz, que está no meio do quadro, a vê pacatamente de frente.
A balança é o símbolo tradicional da justiça, visto parecer que representa material-mente, por uma disposição mecânica, aquele jogo de forças psíquicas que faz funcionar o processo e no qual, para que o juiz, após algumas oscilações, conclua pela verdade, é necessário que intervenha o peso de duas teses opostas, tal como se dá com os dois pesos da balança que, para se equilibrarem, devem incidir na extremidade de cada braço.
Quanto mais as forças opostas façam oscilar o fiel (veja-se a imparcialidade de quem julga), tanto mais sensível se tornará o aparelho e mais exata a medida. Da mesma forma, os advogados, puxando cada um pelo seu lado, obtêm o equilíbrio que o juiz procura. Quem quiser criticar sua imparcialidade, deve criticar também o peso que age sobre o braço da balança.
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O advogado que...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Eles, os juízes, vistos por nós, os advogados
- Introdução
- Da Confiança nos Juízes, Primeiro Dever do Advogado
- Das Boas Maneiras (ou da Discrição) nos Tribunais
- De Algumas Semelhanças e de Algumas Diferenças entre Juízes e Advogados
- Da Pretensa Eloquência do Pretório
- De Certa Imobilidade dos Juízes durante a Audiência
- De Certas Relações entre os Advogados e a Verdade, ou da Parcialidade Obrigatória dos Primeiros
- De Certas Aberrações dos Clientes, das quais os Juízes se Devem Lembrar como Atenuantes dos Advogados
- Considerações sobre a Chamada 'Chicana
- Da Predileção dos Advogados e dos Juízes pelas Questões de Direito ou pelas de Fato
- Do Sentimento e da Lógica das Sentenças
- Do Amor dos Advogados pelos Juízes e Vice-Versa
- De Certas Tristezas e de Certos Heroísmos da Vida dos Juízes
- De Certas Tristezas e de Certos Heroísmos da Vida dos Advogados
- De uma Certa Coincidência dos Destinos dos Juízes e dos Advogados
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