Codificação e Consolidação
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 86-88 |
Page 86
Quando do exame de ramo jurídico dinâmico, discute-se a oportunidade da codificação (ou preferir-se deixar a legislação esparsa). Parece não haver dúvida quanto à necessidade de as leis serem, ao menos, reunidas ou consolidadas e, em matéria de procedimentos, sistematizarem-se as suas regras.
Às vezes, o elaborador da norma reúne os comandos num só documento legislativo. Trata-se de processo incipiente de codificação, muito útil, especialmente se a disciplina é normativa como a social. Em matéria previdenciária, o Decreto-lei n. 627/1938 foi a primeira experiência, agrupando incipientes leis das CAPs (Caixas de Aposentadoria e Pensões).
Em outras circunstâncias, esse concerto de leis é operado ordenadamente, e observados certos preceitos de organização, resultando em norma geral com características próprias. Embora praticamente não tendo produzido eficácia, é o caso do Decreto-lei n. 7.526/1945 (Lei Orgânica dos Seguros Sociais do Brasil) e do Decreto n. 35.448/1954 (Regulamento dos IAPs).
Entende-se por lei orgânica o conjunto de regras desenvolvido estruturalmente, dispondo sobre matéria específica e constituído de tessitura e feitura normativa, com índice, sequência, conceitos, normas gerais e especiais, e autossuficiência.
Por outro lado, lei geral é organismo regente dispondo amplamente sobre o tema, regulando todos ou os seus principais aspectos.
Lei especial trata singularmente de certo assunto, particularizando os aspectos da lei geral.
Uma lei extravagante, cuidando de determinado conteúdo, aborda, também, de passagem, outro objetivo.
Estabelecer a natureza das leis é importante quando da análise de sua validade no tempo.
A primeira lei a se utilizar da qualificadora "orgânica" foi a Lei n. 3.807/1960 (LOPS), protótipo de todas as seguintes. Apresentava nuanças de lei geral, pouco faltando para ser um Código de Direito Previdenciário. Formalmente, vigeu até 24.7.1991, com o advento do Plano de Custeio e Plano de Benefícios (Leis ns. 8.212 e 8.213).
Por meio da Lei n. 6.243/1975, o Poder Executivo foi autorizado a expedir, anualmente, compilação classificada de leis (LOPS e muitas normas supervenientes), experiência reeditada apenas uma vez, conhecida como Consolidação das Leis da Previdência Social - CLPS (Decretos ns. 77.077/1976 e 89.312/1984).
Em seu art. 6º, a Lei n. 9.032/1995 mandou atualizar as Leis ns. 8.212 e 8.213, de 1991 (DOU de 29.4.1995). A publicação carece de título, dificultando a referência.
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Noções de Direito Previdenciário
- Conceito Sintético
- Escorço Histórico
- Terminologia Usual
- Natureza Jurídica
- Enquadramento Científico
- Objeto e Objetivo
- Fontes Formais
- Características Básicas
- Conteúdo e Alcance
- Autonomia Jurídica
- Relações com Ramos Jurídicos e Ciências
- Justiça Competente
- Integração e Interpretação
- Aplicação da Norma no Espaço
- Direito Intertemporal
- Princípios Jurídicos
- Codificação e Consolidação
- Relação Jurídica de Seguridade Social
- Relação Jurídica de Previdência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Assistência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Ações de Saúde
- Acordos Internacionais
- Natureza Jurídica da Contribuição
- Teoria Jurídica do Risco
- Direito ao Lazer
- Normas de Superdireito
- Crimes Previdenciários
- Legitimidade Previdenciária
- Filosofia do Direito Previdenciário
- Perda de Identidade da Previdência Social
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