Comentários à cidade antiga de Fustel de Coulanges
Autor | Roberto Victor Pereira Ribeiro |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado. Membro da Academia Cearense de Letras Jurídicas. Pós-graduado em história do direito. Membro do Instituto Brasileiro de Direitos Humanos |
Páginas | 247-253 |
Page 247
Poucas obras literárias tem a capacidade de condensar em seu conteúdo verdadeiras pérolas de sabedoria e conhecimento. À queima-roupa, assim, sem pestanejar, citamos a Bíblia Sagrada como uma dessas obras profícuas. Dentro dessas poucas obras supracitadas, somente algumas têm a coragem de reunir em seu invólucro, uma erudita coletânea de preceitos e ensinamentos referentes a uma ciência, por exemplo.
A Cidade Antiga de Fustel de Coulanges é uma dessas obras que merece nossa apreciação especial. No seu teor há a descrição detalhada de alguns institutos atuais das nossas ciências jurídicas. Fazendo um paralelo com os estudos de Fustel, que atentamente foi estudar a origem da família, da religião, do direito, da propriedade, etc., podemos demonstrar a evolução e a aplicação de alguns institutos estudados por este autor e que ainda são aplicados e vistos hoje.
Fustel de Coulanges (1830 – 1889) era um historiador francês que ocupou a cátedra de História da Idade Média na Sorbonne e coordenou a “École Normale Supérieure”.
Page 248
Sua maior obra, a Cidade Antiga, é um verdadeiro estudo dissecado da história civil do mundo Greco-Romano, apresentado de forma cronológica, discorrendo sobre a origem do Direito e da Religião.
O livro inicia demonstrando de forma ordenada a gênese das crenças e a organização da sociedade.
Apreciaremos características de alguns institutos e as curiosidades disponíveis acerca da evolução desses respectivos temas.
Fustel relata dois aspectos da lei de Sólon que merece nosso comentário.
No primeiro capítulo ele escreve que a lei de Sólon proibia enterrar mais de três vestidos com o morto. Vejamos que interessante essa prescrição. Num mundo que acreditava que seus mortos se levantariam em outra vida e, em razão disso, enterravam os seus cadáveres com moedas, comida, roupas e no Egito antigo até serviçais eram mortos e enterrados com seus patrões, a fim de lhe servirem nessa próxima vida, vem a lei de Sólon e prescreve a regra de somente três vestidos. Seria com o intuito de educar a sociedade a repartir mais os seus pertences, equilibrando assim as deficiências sociais, o zênite dessa regra de Sólon?
Outro fato, Fustel narra no subtítulo IV, do capítulo I: a lei de Sólon proibia a quem não fosse parente do defunto a acompanhá-lo, gemendo no enterro. Nos dias atuais se tal regra fosse vigente, o que seriam das famosas carpideiras do agreste nordestino?
O tema mais abordado por Fustel, sem dúvidas, é a família e suas atribuições na sociedade. A forma que Coulanges nos ensina é uma rica explicação acerca da “família” e seus direitos...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Manual de história do direito
- Dedicatória
- Agradecimentos
- Sobre o autor
- Prefácio: historiar o direito: missão do filósofo
- Direito e religião
- Direito egípcio
- Direito hebraico
- Direito grego
- Comentários à cidade antiga de Fustel de Coulanges
- Direito romano
- Aspectos importantes da obra dos delitos e das penas - Cesare Beccaria
- Direito asiático
- Direito muçulmano
- Vigiar e punir - ideias sociais e jurídicas na obra de Foucault
- Bibliografia
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