Conclusão
Autor | Agnaldo Gomes de Souza |
Páginas | 171-175 |
Page 171
No presente trabalho abordamos o tema sobre a constrição judicial, por meio eletrônico, de valor em pecúnia pertencente ao executado, depositado em conta bancária, caderneta de poupança e outras aplicações em instituição financeira, cujo procedimento é denominado “penhora on-line”. O propósito do trabalho foi demonstrar o modo de realização dos atos constritivos, por meio eletrônico, com o escopo de proporcionar a efetividade do processo de execução, no âmbito do processo civil e do processo trabalhista.
A introdução da “penhora on-line” no ordenamento jurídico ocorreu através das alterações introduzidas pela Lei nº 11.382, de 6 de dezembro de 2006, no Código de Processo Civil, art. 655-A, caput e art. 659, § 6º. Antes das alterações realizadas no Código de Processo Civil, o procedimento denominado de “penhora on-line” já vinha sendo adotado no âmbito da Justiça do Trabalho, através de convênio firmado entre o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho e o Banco Central do Brasil, em 5 de março de 2002, conhecido como “Convênio de Cooperação Técnico-Institucional”. Posteriormente, o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho editou o Provimento nº 01, de 25 de julho de 2003, o Provimento nº 03, de 23 de novembro de 2003 e o Provimento nº 06, de 28 de outubro de 2005, atualmente revogados.
Page 172
Quando do início da implantação da penhora on-line, surgiram opiniões contrárias à sua admissão no ordenamento jurídico, sob o argumento da sua inconstitucionalidade no aspecto material e no aspecto formal, em virtude do seu procedimento confrontar com o princípio do contraditório e da ampla defesa, em razão de surpreender o executado que tinha seus bens constritos no processo de execução. Também levantaram dúvidas sobre a sua inconstitucionalidade, no sentido formal, inerente à matéria restrita à competência, já que o principal argumento era que a competência para legislar sobre direito processual é privativa da União, nos moldes do art. 22, inciso I, da Constituição Federal.
Superada esta fase, sem que tenha logrado êxito a pretensão dos interessados, quanto ao pleito da declaração de inconstitucionalidade, a penhora on-line é reconhecida pela jurisprudência e pela doutrina como instrumento de grande utilidade. Proporciona o que já vinha sendo objeto de discussão pelo operador do direito, ou seja, meios e recursos alternativos para se obter a razoável duração do processo e os meios de garantia quanto à celeridade nos seus trâmites, nos termos do art. 5º,...
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