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- Livros E Revistas
- A Defesa do Fornecedor Comerciante. Antídotos para a Indústria Das Indenizações
Da Responsabilidade pelo Fato do Produto ou do Serviço
Autor | Pedro Ribeiro do Val Neto |
Páginas | 73-76 |
Page 73
O art. 12 do CDC diz que o fabricante, o produtor, o construtor e o importador respondem “independentemente de culpa”, pela reparação dos danos causados aos consumidores por defeitos do produto por falha de projeto, de fabricação, de construção, de montagem, de fórmulas, de manipulação, de apresentação ou de acondicionamento, assim como pelas informações ou sua falta.
Pelo exame da hipótese legal, constata-se que a presunção de culpa favorece apenas o consumidor lesado, restando excluídos quaisquer outros prejudicados – terceiros na relação de consumo – devendo ser provada a culpa do fornecedor quando estes prejudicados arguirem a responsabilidade daqueles enumerados pelo citado art. 12.
A expressão “independentemente de culpa” não significa responsabilidade objetiva, atribuída “juris et de jure”, em vista de haver possibilidade, como referido nos parágrafos do dispositivo legal em tela, para aqueles enumerados, de se isentarem de responsabilidade quanto aos riscos que razoavelmente se esperam do produto; irresponsabilidade do fornecedor se existir produto com melhor qualidade; da prova de que o defeito inexiste etc., disto resulta não estar a locução estabelecendo, repita-se, a responsabilidade objetiva “pura” para a qual basta provar que houve dano causado pelo fornecedor de produto ou serviço.
A expressão mencionada estaria melhor agasalhada na teoria do risco para conferir responsabilidade sem culpa, em razão de ser ela presumida juris tantum, logo, passível de exclusão.
Como o art. 12 não cita o comerciante, este será parte ilegítima quando chamado judicialmente a indenizar o dano, exceto se não ferem identificáveis os ditos nomeados por este artigo ou o produto provier da importação de local onde o consumidor terá dificuldade para obtenção de tutela jurisdicional ao seu interesse.
Page 74
Entretanto, o art. 13 subsequente confere responsabilidade “igualmente” ao comerciante, quando os citados no artigo antecedente (fabricante, produtor, construtor e importador) não forem identificáveis ou os produtos perecíveis não forem conservados adequadamente enquanto estiveram na posse desse fornecedor.
Afigura-se-nos que o art. 13 não estabelece responsabilidade solidária do comerciante porque – sendo conhecido ou identificável qualquer daqueles mencionados no art. 12 – pode eximir-se o comerciante do processo em que eventualmente o tenha envolvido o consumidor, pelo instituto da nomeação à autoria, como previsto no Art. 63 do...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- A defesa do fornecedor comerciante. Antídotos para a Indústria das Indenizações
- Intróito
- Do Momento Social
- Das Grandes Corporações e da Irresponsabilidade Nacional
- Da Segurança Pública e da Responsabilidade do Estabelecimento Privado
- Do Depósito de Veículos em Estacionamentos
- Do Litisconsórcio Unitário com Seguradoras
- Do Dano Moral
- Do Valor da Causa sobre Dano Moral Arbitrado
- Da Assistência Judiciária Gratuita
- Da Responsabilidade do Advogado por Litigância de Má-Fé
- Dos Honorários de Advogado
- Do Cadastro nos Serviços de Proteção ao Crédito
- Da Responsabilidade pelo Fato do Produto ou do Serviço
- Conclusão
- Bibliografia
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