- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Curso Moderno de Direito Civil
- Curso Moderno de Direito Civil. Contratos E Responsabilidade Civil
- 3ª Parte. Da Declaração Unilateral de Vontade
Epresentação desta Terceira Parta
Páginas | 411-412 |
Page 411
Até aqui tratamos dos contratos, onde prevalece o acordo de vontade entre as partes, seguindo o roteiro do Código Civil. Agora passaremos ao estudo da obrigação provida da manifestação unilateral da vontade humana.
O Código Civil, nesta parte, cuida da matéria sob o título "Dos Atos Unilaterais", disciplinando:
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"Da Promessa de Recompensa";
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"Da Gestão de Negócios";
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"Do Pagamento Indevido";
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"Do Enriquecimento sem Causa";
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"Dos Títulos de Crédito".
Contudo, não estudaremos os "Títulos de Crédito" por ser essa parte matéria de Direito Empresarial. Analise a opinião de Sílvio Venosa sob o assunto: "A matéria referente aos ‘títulos de crédito’ não se prende proeminentemente ao Direito Civil; é regulada pela legislação própria em suas várias modalidades. Desse modo, os dispositivos do Código de 1916 a respeito guardam unicamente restrita supletividade, pois pouco é deixado de lado na legislação sobre o tema, decorrente do caldeamento de costumes mercantis. O novo Código, porém, procurou traçar toda uma teoria geral dos títulos de crédito nos arts. 887 a 926, a qual deverá ser necessariamente harmonizada com a disciplina dos respectivos títulos, letras de câmbio, notas promissórias, duplicatas, cheques etc. Na verdade, essa matéria, caldeada do direito costumeiro da Idade Média e da Lei Uniforme de 1930, já estava suficientemente disciplinada no ordenamento pátrio, não havendo necessidade de um Código Civil fazê-lo, aumentando os riscos de conflito de interpretação. Melhor seria que toda essa matéria fosse extirpada do novo Código, pois sua presença neste estatuto é injustificável em todos os sentidos. O novel legislador não usou da mínima cautela, não se apercebendo, ou não querendo aperceber-se, de que a matéria títulos de crédito está de há muito solidificada por uma massa perfeitamente compreensível de normas em nosso direito. Ademais, o art. 903 do novo Código dispõe: "Salvo disposição diversa em lei especial, regem-se os títulos de crédito pelo disposto neste Código". Se for entendido que se mantêm vigentes todas as leis especiais que regem os títulos de crédito para letras de câmbio, notas promissórias...
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