Direito desportivo constitucional
Autor | Mauricio de Figueiredo Corrêa da Veiga |
Páginas | 114-118 |
Page 114
Publicado no site Painel Acadêmico em 30.07.2015
A Medida Provisória n. 671/2015 ficou conhecida por trazer questões referentes às dívidas fiscais dos clubes de futebol. Contudo, além do assunto principal — que já foi abordado em outros artigos — consta da legislação uma disposição referente à redução da idade para o início da formação esportiva do jovem atleta.
Por se tratar de assunto polêmico, já existia uma forte pressão para que a Presidente da República vetasse o referido artigo da Medida Provisória, o que representaria um verdadeiro retrocesso e desconhecimento da prática desportiva, na medida em que a própria prática desportiva deve ser estimulada desde tenra idade.
O Brasil é signatário da Convenção n. 138 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho, ratificada em 2001 e que dispõe sobre a idade mínima para ingresso no emprego, assim redigida, verbis:
A Conferência Geral da Organização Internacional do Trabalho:
(...)
-
A idade mínima fixada nos termos do § 1 deste Artigo não será inferior à idade de conclusão da escolaridade compulsória ou, em qualquer hipótese, não inferior a quinze anos.
(...)
Nota-se, portanto, a preocupação mundial com a regulamentação do trabalho do menor, a justificar a recomendação de que a pessoa estará apta para ingressar no mercado de trabalho ao término da escolaridade básica, o que geralmente ocorre aos 15 anos de idade.
As diretrizes e bases da educação nacional são regidas pela Lei n. 9.394/1996, cujo art. 32, alterado pela Lei n. 11.274/2006, prevê que “o ensino fundamental obrigatório, com duração de 9 (nove) anos, gratuito na escola pública, iniciando-se aos 6 (seis) anos de idade, terá por objetivo a formação básica do cidadão.”
De acordo com a referida legislação, o ensino fundamental obrigatório terminará aos 15 anos de idade, o que, por óbvio, não quer dizer que a partir
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desta idade o jovem deverá se concentrar no mercado de trabalho, pois os estudos devem acompanhar o cidadão durante toda a sua vida.
A Recomendação n. 146 da OIT também é expressa ao discorrer acerca da idade mínima. Verbis:
“7 — (...)
(1) Os Países-membros deveriam ter como objetivo a elevação progressiva, para dezesseis anos, da idade mínima, para admissão a emprego ou trabalho, especificada em cumprimento do art. 2 da Convenção sobre a Idade Mínima, de 1973.
(2) Onde a idade mínima para emprego ou trabalho coberto pelo art. 2 da Convenção sobre a Idade Mínima, de 1973, estiver abaixo de 15 anos, urgentes providências deveriam ser tomadas...
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