Forma e modos de constituição da servidão administrativa
Autor | Luiz Fernando de Mello/Carlos Henrique Neves de Mello/Cícero Ferreira da Silva |
Páginas | 24-28 |
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A forma de constituição da servidão pode ser definida, conforme restou destacado por Di Pietro:
De modo geral, as servidões administrativas se constituem por uma das seguintes formas:
1. decorrem diretamente da lei, independendo a sua constituição de qualquer ato jurídico, unilateral ou bilateral. Exemplo: servidão sobre as margens dos rios navegáveis e servidão ao redor dos aeroportos; alguns autores consideram essas servidões como limitações à propriedade, por incidirem sobre imóveis indeterminados: consideramos como servidões, por haver a coisa dominante: no primeiro caso, o serviço público de policiamento das águas e, no segundo, o bem afetado à realização do serviço de navegação aérea;
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2. efetuam-se mediante acordo, precedido de ato declaratório de utilidade pública.
Exemplo: servidão de energia elétrica, que depende, em cada caso, de decreto governamental e se efetivará por meio de acordo lavrado por escritura pública (Decreto nº 38.581, de 16-7-54);
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efetuam-se por sentença judicial, quando não haja acordo ou quando sejam adquiridas por usucapião.
Nas hipóteses de declaração de utilidade pública, seguida de acordo ou sentença judicial, o procedimento é semelhante ao da desapropriação e encontra fundamento no artigo 40 do Decreto-lei nº 3.365, de 21-6-41, segundo o qual “o expropriante poderá constituir servidões, mediante indenização na forma da lei”.
Semelhante a essa é a servidão administrativa prevista na Lei n. 8.987, de 13-2-95 (Lei de Concessões e Permissões de Serviços Públicos), cujo artigo 29, inciso IX, atribui ao poder concedente competência para “declarar de necessidade ou utilidade pública, para fins de instituição de servidão administrativa, os bens necessários à execução de serviço ou obra pública, promovendo-a diretamente ou mediante outorga de poderes à concessionária, caso em que será desta a responsabilidade pelas indenizações cabíveis”.
Problema interessante é o que diz respeito à necessidade ou não de registro da servidão administrativa. É preciso distinguir: as que decorrem diretamente da lei dispensam esse registro, porque o ônus real se constitui no momento em que a lei é promulgada ou, posteriormente, quando algum fato coloque o prédio na situação descrita na lei; esta confere
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à servidão a mesma publicidade e satisfaz os mesmos fins atribuídos ao Registro de Imóveis.
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Servidão de passagem
- Luiz Fernando de Mello
- Carlos Henrique Neves de Mello
- Cícero Ferreira da Silva Filho
- Colaboradores
- Introdução
- Da servidão administrativa
- Servidão de direito privado e público
- Distinção entre servidão administrativa e limitação administrativa
- Conceito de servidão administrativa
- Forma e modos de constituição da servidão administrativa
- Extinção da servidão administrativa
- Direito à indenização da servidão
- Modalidades e espécies de servidão
- Demais considerações sobre servidão
- Dos riscos; restrições e incômodos
- Das classificações das servidões
- Dos princípios fundamentais
- Das características da servidão
- Do conteúdo
- Do amparo legal
- Da fixação do percentual da servidão
- Do método da renda para avaliações de faixas de servidões
- Da servidão como desapropriação
- Do justo valor
- Considerações sobre a avaliação
- Modelo de laudo de servidão administrativa superficial com benfeitorias em área rural próximo a urbe
- Modelo de laudo de servidão administrativa com passagem subterrânea em área rural próximo a urbe
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