Interpretação da Lei Penal
Autor | Marli Emilia Reis dos Santos Petrosino |
Páginas | 37-40 |
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A conduta proibida deverá ser descrita na lei penal, por meio dos tipos.
O TIPO PENAL descreve a conduta proibida de forma pormenorizada. Se a lei não traz a descrição detalhada da conduta proibida, a legalidade perde sua função.
Os tipos penais classificam-se em ABERTO e FECHADO.
O TIPO FECHADO é aquele que traz a descrição pormenorizada da conduta proibida.
O TIPO ABERTO tem em sua descrição a conduta mais expansiva, não apresentando tantos pormenores quanto no tipo fechado.
Os crimes dolosos são, em regra, tipos fechados. Já os culposos, tipos abertos.
A interpretação penal pode ser dividida em: INTERPRETAÇÃO OBJETIVA e INTERPRETAÇÃO SUBJETIVA. A objetiva tem por finalidade a busca da suposta vontade da lei. A interpretação subjetiva busca a vontade descrita pelo legislador.
A interpretação penal ainda pode ser diferenciada quanto ao sujeito, quanto aos meios empregados e quanto aos resultados.
Quanto ao sujeito, a interpretação penal pode ser dividida em: autêntica, doutrinária e judicial ou jurisprudencial.
INTERPRETAÇÃO AUTÊNTICA é aquela realizada pelo próprio texto legal. A interpretação autêntica pode ser contextual, ou seja, aquela
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realizada no momento em que é editada a lei. Pode ser ainda posterior, cuja interpretação é realizada após a edição da lei.
INTERPRETAÇÃO DOUTRINÁRIA é aquela realizada pelos estudiosos do direito.
INTERPRETAÇÃO JUDICIAL OU JURISPRUDENCIAL é aquela realizada pelos aplicadores do direito, pelos magistrados que compõem os órgãos julgadores de primeiro e segundo graus.
Quanto aos meios empregados, a interpretação penal pode ser literal ou gramatical, teleológica, sistemática ou sistêmica e histórica.
INTERPRETAÇÃO LITERAL OU GRAMATICAL é aquela que se preocupa com o verdadeiro significado das palavras.
INTERPRETAÇÃO TELEOLÓGICA busca interpretar a finalidade da lei, aquilo a que ela se destina a regular.
INTERPRETAÇÃO SISTEMÁTICA OU SISTÊMICA é a interpretação do todo, analisando-se o dispositivo legal de forma completa, e não somente as partes.
Para Norberto BOBBIO: "Aquela forma de interpretação que tira os argumentos do pressuposto, de que as normas de um ordenamento, ou, mais exatamente, de uma parte do ordenamento (como o Direito Privado, o Direito Penal) constituam uma totalidade ordenada (mesmo que depois se deixe um pouco no vazio o que se deve entender com essa...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Direito Penal. Parte Geral. Provas & Concursos
- Dedicatória
- Prefácio
- Introdução ao Direito Penal
- Princípios do Direito Penal
- Fontes do Direito Penal
- Normas do Direito Penal
- Interpretação da Lei Penal
- Da Aplicação da Lei Penal
- Do Crime
- Da Imputabilidade Penal
- Do Concurso de Pessoas
- Das Penas
- Das Medidas de Segurança
- Da Ação Penal
- Da Extinção da Punibilidade
- Bibliografia
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