Normas de Superdireito
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 144-145 |
Page 144
Normas de superdireito são regras amplas por natureza, aplicáveis a diversos domínios do mesmo ramo jurídico ou a segmentos distintos. Segundo a filosofia dominante na Carta Magna de 1988, elas preferivelmente devem ser elaboradas em lei complementar, mas nem sempre isso acontece.
Não se confundem com as normas extravagantes. Isto é, preceitos de certa área contidos em outra, fato relativamente comum no Direito Social. Leis previdenciárias contêm várias disposições trabalhistas, e a CLT, algumas prescrições previdenciárias. Geralmente, tais comandos atribuem caráter de lei especial (mesmo contidos em norma geral, caso da CLT), em relação à lei básica.
O Regime Geral de Previdência Social não diz respeito apenas aos trabalhadores da iniciativa privada. Diferentemente dos demais (dos servidores públicos e do IPC), particulariza abarcando todas ou as principais atividades não cobertas por estes. Abriga a figura universal do facultativo e contempla condutas não necessariamente securitárias. Aproxima o Direito Previdenciário do Direito do Trabalho, do Comercial e do Administrativo.
Repercute e influencia, principalmente, o Direito do Trabalho. Desde sua origem, na Lei Eloy de Miranda Chaves, dispunha sobre a estabilidade do trabalhador, matéria laboral consagrada até o aparecimento da CLT (1943) e do FGTS (1967).
Os principais postulados de superdireito podem ser classificados como:
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previdenciários - de custeio e prestações;
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laborais, e
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administrativos.
261. Servidor sem regime próprio - O sistema nacional de previdência social compõe-se de três grandes regimes:
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RGPS;
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IPC (em extinção), e
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dos entes políticos federativos.
Se o servidor federal, civil ou militar, estadual, municipal ou do Distrito Federal, está sujeito a regime próprio, fica afastado do RGPS. Porém, na hipótese de excluído ou arredado dos seus principais benefícios ou se esse regime oficial não se enquadrar no conceito de regime próprio, automaticamente o trabalhador é filiado ao RGPS. O dispositivo ultrapassa os limites normais da iniciativa privada e abarca o servidor público.
O ingresso do segurado é feito em condições atípicas. Assegurada a percepção da última remuneração, ex vi do art. 40 da Constituição Federal ou em condições diferenciadas, obriga a dois cálculos: um, na condição de servidor e outro, como sujeito ao RGPS. O ente público assume o ônus da diferença.
262. Contagem recíproca de tempo de serviço - Contagem recíproca de tempo de serviço...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Noções de Direito Previdenciário
- Conceito Sintético
- Escorço Histórico
- Terminologia Usual
- Natureza Jurídica
- Enquadramento Científico
- Objeto e Objetivo
- Fontes Formais
- Características Básicas
- Conteúdo e Alcance
- Autonomia Jurídica
- Relações com Ramos Jurídicos e Ciências
- Justiça Competente
- Integração e Interpretação
- Aplicação da Norma no Espaço
- Direito Intertemporal
- Princípios Jurídicos
- Codificação e Consolidação
- Relação Jurídica de Seguridade Social
- Relação Jurídica de Previdência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Assistência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Ações de Saúde
- Acordos Internacionais
- Natureza Jurídica da Contribuição
- Teoria Jurídica do Risco
- Direito ao Lazer
- Normas de Superdireito
- Crimes Previdenciários
- Legitimidade Previdenciária
- Filosofia do Direito Previdenciário
- Perda de Identidade da Previdência Social
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