Perito e juiz falam de forma diferente
Autor | José Fiker |
Ocupação do Autor | Doutor em Semiótica e Linguística Geral (com enfâse em Laudos Periciais) pela USP |
Páginas | 15-16 |
Page 15
Segundo Perelman (1999), existem uma posição realista e uma posição nominalista. A primeira não admite meio termo: ou é verdadeiro, ou falso. Já a solução nominalista apresenta os sentidos, como uma obra humana, capaz de resolver todas as vezes problemas concretos da vida. Para Perelman, o direito é um modelo de ciência humana sustentado pelo nominalismo, precisamente no ponto em que o nominalismo traça as perspectivas e orienta as soluções.
Assim como o poeta, o legislador e o político têm outros objetivos que não o do cientista, e este não pode obrigá-los a se esforçar pela clareza. Em muitos casos, as exigências da prática podem ser inteiramente diferentes das exigências da precisão conceitual.
Perelman (1999) enfatiza que a linguagem cotidiana muitas vezes oferece âmbito para diferentes interpretações da mesma expressão e que às vezes os legisladores usam deliberadamente uma terminologia vaga e deixam a interpretação aos juízes ou às tradições jurídicas. Palavras como “equidade”, “interesse público”, “justiça” etc., desempenham um papel importante nesse contexto. O sentido de uma expressão, na medida em que resulta da aplicação de uma regra de uso, poderá apresentar aspectos diversos,
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conforme à variedade dessas regras. Já não é indispensável postular a clareza e a univocidade de todo enunciado.
Já os realistas esperam dos filósofos...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Linguagem do laudo pericial. Técnicas de comunicação e persuasão
- Sumário
- Objetivos centrais do estudo
- O que não se aprende na escola
- Perito e juiz falam de forma diferente
- Perito e juiz pensam de forma diferente
- Mecanismos de persuasão
- Polifonia, ilocução, perlocução
- Demonstração e argumentação
- O auditório do perito é o juiz
- O emprego da ilustração
- Espacialização, temporalidade, distanciamento pessoal
- O uso da sintaxe para acentuar a realidade
- Como evitar ambiguidades com termos de significados diversos
- Marcas que registram temas sobre os quais o perito disserta
- Ambiguidades linguísticas
- Coerência textual
- Traços reveladores de intenção
- Produção do discurso (laudo)
- A sentença do juiz
- O parecer técnico do assistente
- Formulação de quesitos
- Resposta aos quesitos
- Aplicação do método científico
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