Prazo prescricional da Lei n. 9.711/99
Autor | Taís Rodrigues dos Santos |
Páginas | 61-62 |
Page 61
A Prescrição é a perda da pretensão em virtude da inércia do seu titular no prazo fixado em lei. A ação cabível para aquele direito prescreve, atingindo o próprio direito, podendo ser interrompida ou suspensa.
Em resumo são duas situações condenatórias distintas entre si. O caput do art. 103 trata de ação que visa a obtenção da prestação previdenciária efetivamente devida (por ex., Ação de revisão) que foi negada ou concedida a menor, enquanto o parágrafo único almeja outra prestação, que é o recebimento das diferenças devidas (por ex., Pedido acessório da ação de revisão que consequentemente gerará atrasados).
Ao interpretarmos o caput em conjunto com seu parágrafo único, concluiremos que o beneficiário tem hoje prazo decenal para revisão do ato que indefere benefício, podendo receber, em caso de provimento de sua pretensão, os 5 (cinco) últimos anos de diferenças devidas.
Como exemplo, analisamos a situação de um segurado que se aposentou pelo INSS e após 7 (sete) anos realize o ajuizamento de ação requerendo a revisão do benefício. Este terá direito às diferenças vencidas retroativas aos últimos 5 (cinco) anos, contados da data do ajuizamento da ação, porém ele não receberá os valores referentes aos 2 (dois) anos de prestações vencidas, pois ocorreu a prescrição.
Na forma da Lei Civil, não corre a prescrição contra os menores, os incapazes ou os ausentes, enquanto estes estiverem nesta situação. Assim, se um menor requerer a revisão da sua pensão por morte terá direito às diferenças vencidas retroativas à data de início do benefício e não apenas dos últimos 5 anos.
Importante lembrar que sempre haverá forma de buscar a majoração da renda, mesmo após o interregno de 10 (dez) anos, porém não poderá solicitar a revisão, mas sim novo pedido de benefício, fundado nas regras legais. Nessa última hipótese, em obtendo o benefício, não terá direito a qualquer pagamento retroativo.
Neste contexto, o entendimento firmado pelo col. STJ, na Súmula n. 291, determina a aplicação deste mesmo prazo à Previdência Complementar, vejamos:
“a ação de cobrança de parcelas de complementação de aposentadoria pela previdência privada prescreve em 05 anos”.
É sabido que o Estado existe para servir aos indivíduos, e não o indivíduo para servir o Estado. É a partir dos direitos fundamentais (aqueles vinculados à proteção do homem) que se deve compreender uma Constituição ou o arcabouço jurídico de um país.
Vale ressaltar que o princípio da supremacia do...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Revisão dos benefícios previdenciários. 3ª edição
- Questões substanciais
- Introdução
- Antes da Lei n. 9.528/97
- Vigência da Lei n. 9.528/97 ? Prazo decenal
- Prazo da Lei n. 9.784/99
- Prazo prescricional da Lei n. 9.711/99
- Prazo decenal da Lei n. 10.839/04
- Contagem de prazos
- Suspensão e interrupção da prescrição
- Prazo com má-fé
- Prazo acidentário
- Revisão de exame médico
- Prazo do INSS: art. 103-A da Lei n. 8.213/91
- Caminhos reais para efetivo aumento do benefício
- A importância do extrato de CNIS
- Alternativas para majoração da renda
- Alterações legislativas no cálculo de aposentadoria
- Observações essenciais para o ajuizamento da ação de revisão
- Desaposentação
- Transformação/Reaposentação
- Revisão de Juros de RPV e Precatório (RE 579431 - Tema 96 do STF)
- Quadro ilustrativo: resumo de revisões pela data do início do benefício ? DIB
- Modelos de documentos do INSS: INFBEN, CONBAS, CONREV, REVSIT, CNIS, IRSMNB, Carta de concessão, Comunicado de revisão do art. 29, II da Lei n. 8.213/91
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