Pré-Contrato
Autor | Edson Jacinto da Silva |
Páginas | 112-115 |
Page 112
Independente da fase em que se encontram as negociações e por mais que as partes tenham alimentado expectativas positivas em torno da celebração do contrato, enquanto este não for concluído, podem ser interrompidas as
Page 113
tratativas, por não vinculativas. É o que decorre da autonomia privada, da não obrigatoriedade de contratar, salvo quando houver contrato preliminar, como a promessa de contratar. No tocante à responsabilidade pré-contratual, só existirá, caso não observado o dever de boa-fé pela parte que desistiu, independentemente do avanço das negociações.
Em loteamento urbano, o pré-contrato é um ante-contrato lavrado entre as partes onde se obrigam à confecção definitiva de um contrato definitivo – assim determina o art. 27 da LPSU, “se aquele que se obrigou a concluir contrato de promessa de venda ou de cessão não cumprir a obrigação, o credor poderá notificar o devedor para a outorga do contrato ou oferecimento de impugnação no prazo de 15 (quinze) dias, sob pena de proceder-se ao registro do pré-contrato, passando as relações entre as partes a serem regidas pelo contrato padrão. No § 1º: Para fins deste artigo, terão o mesmo valor de pré-contrato a promessa de cessão, a proposta de compra e reserva de lote ou qualquer outro instrumento do qual conste a manifestação de vontade das partes, a indicação dos lotes, o preço e o modo de pagamento e a promessa de contratar. No § 2º: O registro de que trata este artigo não será processado se a parte que o requereu não comprovar haver cumprido a sua prestação, nem oferecer na forma devida, salvo se ainda não exigível.
O contrato preliminar deverá ser dotado de todos os requisitos essenciais ao contrato a ser celebrado, exceto quanto à forma (CC, art. 462). Assim, as partes que celebram o pré-contrato devem ser capazes e seu objeto deve ser lícito, possível, determinado ou determinável (CC, art. 104, I e II).
Com relação às partes contratantes, parece-nos absolutamente irrelevante a realização de registro de pré-contrato. É regra de direito civil que a obrigação produz efeitos entre as partes sem a necessidade de maiores formalidades.
Como observa Orlando Gomes:
Trata-se de figuras distintas do respectivo contrato definitivo, havendo, entretanto, quem conteste a independência dos dois. Sob a influência do Direito francês, segundo a qual a promessa de venda – que é contrato preliminar no entendimento geral – vale venda quando haja consentimento das duas partes sobre a coisa...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Loteamento Urbano - Doutrina e prática
- Doutrina
- História das cidades
- O Direito de Propriedade no Brasil
- Plano Diretor
- Da Política Urbana
- O Urbanismo Brasileiro
- Do parcelamento e desmembramento do solo urbano
- Do Desdobro ou Reparcelamento
- Da Política Urbana
- Urbanismo e Direito Urbano
- Natureza jurídica das normas do Direito Urbanístico
- Limitações Urbanísticas
- Do Planejamento Urbano
- Classificação do solo urbano
- Zoneamento ambiental
- Instituição de Unidades de Conservação
- Instituição de Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social
- Requisitos Urbanísticos
- Do projeto de loteamento
- Condomínios
- O condomínio especial de casas da lei 4.591/64
- Registro do loteamento e desmembramento
- Da Notificação expedida pelo Oficial do Registro de Imóveis
- Regiões Metropolitanas
- Compromisso de Compra e Venda
- Pré-Contrato
- Disposições Penais
- A intervenção do Ministério Público
- Da Prescrição penal
- Da Responsabilidade do administrador
- Procedimentos e documentação necessária para aprovação do parcelamento do solo para fins urbanos
- Modelos de Requerimentos
- Modelos de Declaração
- Modelos de Procuração
- Requerimento de Reabertura de protocolo
- Ato Constitutivo da Pessoa Jurídica
- Certidão da Matrícula ou Transcrição do Imóvel
- Planta de Localização e imagem de satélite
- Modelos de Certidão de Conformidade da Prefeitura
- Modelos de alguns documentos relacionados com Condomínio
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