Princípios do Direito Penal
Autor | Marli Emilia Reis dos Santos Petrosino |
Páginas | 25-28 |
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Princípio da Legalidade
Este princípio se encontra no artigo 5º, inciso XXXIX, da Constituição Federal, o qual estabelece que não há crime sem lei anterior que o defina ou pena sem prévia cominação legal, redação que pouco difere do artigo 1º, do Código Penal.
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Princípio da Reserva Legal
Este princípio reza que somente a lei anterior poderá determinar o que é tido como delito e, conseqüentemente, fixará a sanção aplicável.
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Princípio da Anterioridade da Lei Penal
Entende-se que neste princípio, para que o fato seja considerado crime, é indispensável que a lei que o defina seja anterior ao próprio fato.
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Princípio da Intervenção Mínima
Este princípio dita que o Direito Penal somente deverá intervir quando os bens jurídicos tutelados mais importantes para o indivíduo e para a sociedade forem violados. Este princípio orienta e limita o poder incriminador do Estado.
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Princípio da Lesividade
Neste princípio, estão contidos todos os esclarecimentos a respeito das condutas que poderão ser incriminadas pela lei penal. Também faz com que o agente seja punido por aquilo que ele realmente cometeu e não por aquilo que efetivamente ele é.
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Princípio da Adequação Social
Com este princípio, uma conduta só será típica se for socialmente adequada ou reconhecida pela sociedade.
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Princípio da Individualização da Pena
Primeiramente, ocorre a individualização da pena em nossa Constituição Federal, em seu artigo 5º, inciso XLVI:
A lei regulará a individualização da pena e adotará, entre outras, as seguintes:
a) privação ou restrição da liberdade;
b) perda de bens;
c) multa;
d) prestação social alternativa;
e) suspensão ou interdição de direitos.
Na fase de execução penal, também encontramos a individualização da pena, conforme o artigo 5º, da Lei nº 7.210/1984 - Lei de Execução Penal:
"Os condenados serão classificados, segundo os seus antecedentes e personalidade, para orientar a individualização da execução penal."
"A individualização da pena é exigência do Código Penal, com assento na Constituição da República. Cumpre ao magistrado ponderar os requisitos mínimos do artigo 59, do Código Penal. Em seguida, à pena-base, considerará circunstâncias agravantes e atenuantes. Por fim, causa de aumento ou diminuição. A sentença será fundamentada, exigindo-se, como tal, explicitação dos fatos, de modo que se conheça como foram ponderados." (STJ, RHC...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Direito Penal. Parte Geral. Provas & Concursos
- Dedicatória
- Prefácio
- Introdução ao Direito Penal
- Princípios do Direito Penal
- Fontes do Direito Penal
- Normas do Direito Penal
- Interpretação da Lei Penal
- Da Aplicação da Lei Penal
- Do Crime
- Da Imputabilidade Penal
- Do Concurso de Pessoas
- Das Penas
- Das Medidas de Segurança
- Da Ação Penal
- Da Extinção da Punibilidade
- Bibliografia
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