Relação Jurídica de Assistência Social
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 109-111 |
Page 109
O vínculo da relação jurídica de assistência social não é exatamente igual ao presente na de previdência social. Isso ocorre em virtude de inexistir custeio direto, e também em si mesmo (polos, alcance, potestividade do direito, natureza da prestação, temporariedade da proteção etc.) e, ainda, pela estrutura administrativa.
Elo simplificado, onde vis?à-vis dois sujeitos, órgão promotor dos serviços e assistido, sem o alicerce da ideia de filiação. Ausente a base material do liame deflagrador da proteção, subsume-se na capacidade do concessor e na necessidade do carente.
Inicia-se em determinadas circunstâncias pertinentes à pessoa, quando solicita algum atendimento, e pode desaparecer; cessada a deflagração, ela não mais acontece. Prestações não substituidoras nem necessariamente permanentes, mas claramente alimentares. Com efeitos jurídicos distintos.
201. Origem histórica - Direito à assistência social é tema recente na história da humanidade, mas a técnica, propriamente dita, precedeu a previdência social. Seu dealbar institucional é antigo, veio antes do Estado e sua proteção, ministrada por pessoas ou famílias, embuídas de alto espírito de solidariedade, encampada pelos ordenamentos religiosos, máxime o cristão, espalhou-se pelo mundo. Posteriormente, por meio da assistência pública, desenvolveu-se em caráter sistematizado, particularmente em decorrência do avanço da Medicina. Assim sendo, raramente foi direito subjetivo das pessoas ou normatizada, convindo mencionar experiências históricas, como a Lei dos Pobres espanhola, em 1531, e a Lei dos Pobres londrina (1601), como embriões da concepção jurídica.
202. Breve conceito - A relação jurídica assistenciária, como sói acontecer, depende da instituição propriamente dita. Ela pode ser visualizada como o conjunto de atividades particulares e estatais vocacionadas para o atendimento de hipossuficientes, consistindo os bens oferecidos em prestações mínimas em dinheiro, serviços de saúde, fornecimento de alimentos e outras atenções conforme a capacidade do gestor.
A Constituição Federal de 1988, em vez de defini-la, preferiu descrevê-la, indicando os destinatários e os seus objetivos: "I - a proteção à família, à maternidade, à infância, à adolescência e à velhice; II - o amparo às crianças e adolescentes carentes; III - a promoção da integração ao mercado de trabalho; IV - a habilitação e reabilitação das pessoas portadoras de deficiência e a promoção de sua integração à vida comunitária" (caput do art. 203).
A Lei n. 8.212/1991, assemelhadamente, fala em "política social que provê o atendimento das necessidades básicas, traduzidas em proteção à família, à maternidade, à infância, à adolescência, à velhice e à pessoa...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Curso de Direito Previdenciário
- Noções de Direito Previdenciário
- Conceito Sintético
- Escorço Histórico
- Terminologia Usual
- Natureza Jurídica
- Enquadramento Científico
- Objeto e Objetivo
- Fontes Formais
- Características Básicas
- Conteúdo e Alcance
- Autonomia Jurídica
- Relações com Ramos Jurídicos e Ciências
- Justiça Competente
- Integração e Interpretação
- Aplicação da Norma no Espaço
- Direito Intertemporal
- Princípios Jurídicos
- Codificação e Consolidação
- Relação Jurídica de Seguridade Social
- Relação Jurídica de Previdência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Assistência Social
- Relação Jurídica de Ações de Saúde
- Acordos Internacionais
- Natureza Jurídica da Contribuição
- Teoria Jurídica do Risco
- Direito ao Lazer
- Normas de Superdireito
- Crimes Previdenciários
- Legitimidade Previdenciária
- Filosofia do Direito Previdenciário
- Perda de Identidade da Previdência Social
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