Relationships of mirza fatali akhundzada with his contemporaries in the field of struggle for new alphabet

AutorMusayev Shahbaz Shami
CargoAssociate Professor, Doctor of Philosophy Inphilology, Leadingscientist of Institute of Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Azerbaijan
Páginas807-823
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
807
RELATIONSHIPS OF MIRZA FATALI AKHUNDZADA WITH HIS
CONTEMPORARIES IN THE FIELD OF STRUGGLE FOR NEW
ALPHABET
Musayev Shahbaz Shami 1
Abstract: The article investigates the
new idea of alphabet of
M.F.Akhundzada and the social-
scientific relationships with his
contemporaries in the field of realizing

alphabet constitutes the basis of the
concept of enlightenment. According to
the rich scientific and epistolary heritage
of writer-thinker, he put forward the
issue of the necessity of alphapet reform
giving ground that it causes to the
massive illiteracy and non-compliance
with Arabic alphabet used in Azerbaijan
to the phonetic nature of Azerbaijan
language as the result of social-historical
processes and making special difficulties
in teaching process. However
   
mission to be completed with putting
forward an idea, he made a new alphabet
and sent it to the official counties of the
1 Associate Professor, Doctor of Philosophy Inphilology, Leadingscientist of Institute of
Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,
Azerbaijan. E-mail: shindi61@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7238-5216
Ottoman Empire and Iran, as well as the
scientific centers of the important five
countries of Europe for discussing it. The
article has investigated the visit of
    
results, as well as the correspondences
with the official counties of Iran and
consultations with his contemporariesfor
discussing new alphabet project. The
article as involved to the study of letters
he sent to his contemporaries, his
relevant writings kept in the archive of
M.A.Akhundzada, and appreciated the
idea and considerations of other
researchers about the problem. The
Article clarifies the reasons of not
realizing the idea of new alphabet of
M.F.Akhundzada, and showed
historical-culturological importance of
this idea. It is noted that new alphabet
idea collected supporters during little
time, the issue of changing Arabic
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
808
alphabet became social requirement in
society and after Azerbaijan regained its
state independence, the country started to
Latin graphics alphabet.
Kewwords: Mirza Fatali Akhundzada,
enlightenment concept, modernization
of society, new alphabet idea.
1.Introduction
Mirza Fatali Akhundzada
(1812-1878) is one of the outstanding
representatives of history of literary-
artistic, cultural, scientific-philosophical
thought of Azerbaijan. He founded
national dramaturgy with comedies he
wrote in 1850-1855 years, and realistic
artistic    
thus
he gained a great reputation as a founder
of modern literature in his country and
also in the whole East. He was also
known as the first literary theorist and
professional critic for his literary-
theorotical views in Azerbaijan.
M.F.Akhundzada understands
well as an enlightened realist writer and
he was writing to his contemporaries that
      
drowning in ignorance and the religious
fanaticism only by a new type literature
related to the real life. M.F.Akhundzada
shows that in the period of the world
nations seeking progress and in new
socio-political condition, traditional
Eastern literature genres and especially
ghazal and ode not related to real life,
already have not working for people and
he preferred essentially social literature
that leads to national progress, serving
for the progress of society, arose from
the demands of the time. Deeply
acquainted with the history of world
artistic thought, M.F.Akhundzada
preferred the second one- closer to the
life comparing the East and West
literatures from this point of view. It is
not accidental that the writings of the
outstanding representatives of European
literature like W. Shakespeare,
J.B.Moliere, F.Fenelon, G.G.Byron,
J.Moliere, M.Voltaire,
Sh.L.Montesquieu, and J.J.Rousseau
always attracted his attentionand he was
benefited from the European writers in
     
why the enlightenment movement in
Azerbaijan, the enlightened realism
period in national literature is exactly
related to the name of M.F.Akhundzada.

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