Termo inicial (dies a quo) da contagem dos prazos
Autor | Carlos Pinto Del Mar |
Páginas | 300-300 |
Page 300
O CDC estabelece diferentes termos iniciais para a contagem do prazo (dies a quo), para reclamar dos vícios aparentes e para os vícios ocultos.
Para os vícios aparentes, o § 1º do artigo 26 do Código de Defesa do Consumidor570 estabelece que o prazo decadencial para reclamar inicia sua contagem a partir da entrega efetiva do produto ou do término da execução dos serviços. É quando, por presunção, o consumidor tem conhecimento do vício.
Já quando os vícios são ocultos, o prazo decadencial para reclamar inicia no momento em que ficar evidenciado o defeito (art. 26, § 3º, do CDC)571.
Quando se trata de danos contínuos e permanentes, de evolução lenta e gradual, é complexa a definição da data do início do prazo de reclamação, prescricional ou decadencial. Essa é uma situação com a qual o aplicador do Direito se defronta frequentemente na prática.
Alguns julgados seguem um entendimento que beneficia as vítimas, e afasta a prescrição, em casos tais, justamente por não se poder fixar facilmente o momento em que os danos ensejariam concretamente a indenização devida572.
[570] CDC: “Art. 26. (...) § 1º Inicia-se a contagem do prazo decadencial a partir da entrega efetiva do produto ou do término da execução dos serviços”.
[571] CDC: “Art. 26. (...) § 3o Tratando-se de vício oculto, o prazo decadencial inicia-se no momento em que ficar evidenciado o defeito”.
[572] TJSP, EI 303.966.4/3-0-Santos, Elliot Akel, j. 26-4-2005, DJ 17-6-2005; TJSP, Apelação Cível. 9.287-4-Santos, 8a Câmara de Direito Privado, Debatin Cardoso, j. 25-3-98, DJ 20-4-98; TJSP, Apelação Cível 3.898-4-Santos, 5a Câmara de Direito Privado, Chistiano Kuntz, j. 19-2-98, DJ 31-3-98; TJSP, Apelação Cível 294.487-4/7-Santos, 2a Câmara de Direito Privado, Morato de Andrade, j. 23-3-2004, DJ 18-5-2004; TJSP, Apelação Cível...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Direito na construção civil
- Prazos
- Sobre a métrica da indenização
- Decadência e prescrição
- Termo inicial (dies a quo) da contagem dos prazos
- Os prazos para reclamar dos diversos tipos de vícios
- Prazos de reclamação das garantias contratual e legal
- Sobre a Súmula 194, do STJ
- Sobre o prazo prescricional de 3 (três) anos para a pretensão de reparação civil (CC, Art. 206, § 3º, V)
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