UE lança plano para combater mudanças climáticas com taxação de carbono sobre importados
A União Europeia (UE) lançou nesta quarta-feira um abrangente plano para descarbonizar sua economia e combater as mudanças climáticas, com um conjunto de medidas que inclui a taxação de carbono sobre produtos importados.
Detalhes do plano já haviam sido confirmados na terça pela presidente da Comissão Europeia, Ursula von der Leyen. O pacote inclui 12 medidas, como a extensão do mercado de carbono (ETS, na sigla em inglês) aos setores de aviação e transporte marítimo e a criação de um segundo mercado de carbono para o transporte rodoviário e combustíveis para aquecimento.
A taxação de carbono sobre importados visa proteger a indústria da região de concorrentes estrangeiros que não estejam submetidos aos mesmos padrões ambientais. Um estudo da consultoria Deloitte mostra que exportadores de Rússia, China, Turquia e Ucrânia estão entre os mais vulneráveis a custos adicionais quando a medida for implementada.
O Brasil não está na lista dos dez exportadores mais vulneráveis, mas, pelo volume de comércio que tem com a UE, tende a ser submetido a fortes pressões para reduzir mais rapidamente suas emissões de carbono.
Outra medida proposta pela Comissão Europeia é a proibição efetiva da venda de novos carros a gasolina e a diesel dentro da região a partir de 2035. Segundo as autoridades da UE, essa medida acelerará a mudança da frota do bloco para veículos com elétricos com emissão zero de carbono.
Além disso, as companhias aéreas deverão aumentar o uso de...
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