Urbanismo e Direito Urbano
Autor | Edson Jacinto da Silva |
Páginas | 52-54 |
Page 52
O processo urbanístico brasileiro ocorreu de forma extremamente rápida tornando o país, que era predominantemente rural em essencialmente urbano. Esta transformação ocorreu em pouco mais de três décadas quando se verificou não só o crescimento do número de habitantes nas áreas urbanas,
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mas também o aumento do número e do tamanho das cidades brasileiras, surgindo as regiões metropolitanas e as grandes aglomerações urbanas, com reflexos nas demais atividades sociais, tais como as atividades geradoras de empregos e rendas.
Por Urbanismo, entenda-se o processo de adaptação da cidade às suas funções tendo em vista a melhoria do meio físico e das condições necessárias à qualidade de vida: é qualitativo. Em princípio, os “planos urbanísticos” contemplam o espaço urbano como um todo, ao passo que os “projetos urbanísticos” focalizam parte ou partes desse todo, fazendo-lhe um recorte.33Por Urbanização compreende-se o processo de incremento da população de uma cidade devido a taxas de crescimento provocadas por fluxos migratórios, em geral provenientes do campo: é quantitativo. Nesse contexto, a urbanização tem a ver com a demografia.34O Direito Urbanístico objetivo, como um conjunto de normas, tem por objetivo regular a atividade urbanística, disciplinar a ordenação do território. Visa “precipuamente a ordenação das cidades, como nota Hely Lopes Meirelles, mas os seus preceitos incidem também sobre as áreas rurais, no vasto campo da ecologia e da proteção ambiental, intimamente relacionadas com as condições da vida humana em todos os núcleos populacionais, da cidade e do campo”35
É o ramo do Direito que visa a promover o controle jurídico do desenvolvimento urbano, isto é, dos vários processos de uso, ocupação, parcelamento e gestão do solo nas cidades.
O Direito Urbanístico como ciência, é “ramo do direito público que tem por objeto expor, interpretar e sistematizar as normas e princípios; vale dizer: estabelecer o conhecimento sistematizado sobre essa realidade jurídica.”36
Para Hely Lopes Meirelles, ainda, manifestam-se dois aspectos do Direito Urbanístico:
a)o Direito Urbanístico objetivo, que consiste no conjunto de normas jurídicas reguladoras da atividade do poder público destinada a ordenar os espaços habitáveis,
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o que vale dizer: conjunto de normas jurídicas reguladoras da atividade urbanística; b) Direito Urbanístico como ciência, que busca o conhecimento sistematizado daquelas normas e princípios reguladores...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Loteamento Urbano - Doutrina e prática
- Doutrina
- História das cidades
- O Direito de Propriedade no Brasil
- Plano Diretor
- Da Política Urbana
- O Urbanismo Brasileiro
- Do parcelamento e desmembramento do solo urbano
- Do Desdobro ou Reparcelamento
- Da Política Urbana
- Urbanismo e Direito Urbano
- Natureza jurídica das normas do Direito Urbanístico
- Limitações Urbanísticas
- Do Planejamento Urbano
- Classificação do solo urbano
- Zoneamento ambiental
- Instituição de Unidades de Conservação
- Instituição de Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social
- Requisitos Urbanísticos
- Do projeto de loteamento
- Condomínios
- O condomínio especial de casas da lei 4.591/64
- Registro do loteamento e desmembramento
- Da Notificação expedida pelo Oficial do Registro de Imóveis
- Regiões Metropolitanas
- Compromisso de Compra e Venda
- Pré-Contrato
- Disposições Penais
- A intervenção do Ministério Público
- Da Prescrição penal
- Da Responsabilidade do administrador
- Procedimentos e documentação necessária para aprovação do parcelamento do solo para fins urbanos
- Modelos de Requerimentos
- Modelos de Declaração
- Modelos de Procuração
- Requerimento de Reabertura de protocolo
- Ato Constitutivo da Pessoa Jurídica
- Certidão da Matrícula ou Transcrição do Imóvel
- Planta de Localização e imagem de satélite
- Modelos de Certidão de Conformidade da Prefeitura
- Modelos de alguns documentos relacionados com Condomínio
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