Alta do dólar e de preços de petróleo e minério puxam inflação da indústria em maio, diz IBGE
A alta do dólar e dos preços de petróleo e minério de ferro puxaram a inflação da indústria em maio. Ao comentar o Indice de Preços ao Produtor (IPP) em maio, a chamada inflação de “porta de fábrica”, sem impostos e fretes, que ficou em 1,83%, o analista do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) Felipe Câmara apontou a influência dos dois fatores no desempenho da indústria extrativa, principal pressão do resultado do mês. Os preços da indústria extrativa tiveram alta de 12,50% em maio e responderam por 0,66 ponto percentual da taxa de 1,83% do IPP em maio, pouco mais de um terço (36%).
Apenas no mês de maio, o dólar teve valorização de 4,1%, invertendo o movimento observado ao longo de 2022. Ao fim de abril, a moeda americana estava 15,8% abaixo do que tinha fechado 2021.
“Tivemos em maio uma combinação de preços internacionais e da dinâmica cambial. De um lado, mudou a tendência do dólar que vinha desde o início do ano, o que afeta todo produto cotado em moeda internacional. Do outro, o barril de petróleo teve recuperação do preço internacional e, no caso do minério ferro, teve alta de preços na segunda quinzena, que foi o período no qual foram concentradas as exportações do mês”, diz.
A alta de 12,50% da indústria extrativa em maio vem depois de uma queda de 11,54% em abril. Câmara explica que as razões para o movimento dos dois meses foram as mesmas – dólar e preço internacional -, mas com tendências contrárias. “As razões são semelhantes, mas os sinais são opostos. Em abril, houve queda do dólar e dos preços internacionais”, aponta.
Depois da indústria extrativa, as maiores pressões para o aumento de 1,83% do IPP em maio foram o refino de petróleo e biocombustíveis, com alta de 2,80% e impacto de 0,36 ponto percentual no índice, papel e celulose, cujo preço cresceu 4,96% e respondeu por 0,14 da alta, e metalurgia, com...
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