Apenas 1/3 dos países usa fundo para campanhas
Caso o Congresso aprove a criação do Fundo Especial de Financiamento da Democracia (FFD), com previsão inicial de R$ 3,6 bilhões, o Brasil passará a integrar um pequeno grupo de países que hoje bancam as suas campanhas eleitorais com recursos públicos. Entre 180 nações listadas pelo International Institute For Democracy (Idea), pouco mais de um terço (34%) usa financiamento público eleitoral para campanhas.
Dentro desse grupo estão aqueles países que têm os dois tipos de financiamento: o regular, que poderia ser equiparado ao fundo partidário brasileiro, e o específico para campanhas. Ou seja, com a aprovação do FFD, o Brasil passaria a integrar esse grupo minoritário.
Aproximadamente 32% dos países não têm financiamento público regular nem o financiamento público para as campanhas. É o caso do Irã, da Líbia e do Afeganistão, por exemplo.
A proposta dos deputados de criar o FDD e ainda manter o fundo partidário segue uma tendência da América Latina. A maioria dos países vizinhos, segundo o Idea, conta com esses dois financiamentos.
A proposta, no entanto, tem sido bastante criticada porque coincide com um momento de dificuldade financeira do governo federal. A outra crítica é o duplo financiamento que o país passaria a adotar. Os recursos públicos já financiavam as campanhas com a renúncia fiscal de cerca de R$ 600 milhões para que TVs e rádios transmitam o horário eleitoral. O fundo partidário, por sua vez, repassa às legendas cerca de R$ 800 milhões por ano.
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