Aposentadoria por Idade
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 82-83 |
Page 82
A aposentadoria por idade é tradicional benefício da previdência social, criada praticamente ao tempo de sua implantação.
Prestação universal, dos trabalhadores urbanos ou rurais, servidores públicos sob critérios distintos, cria problemas de interpretação em relação ao rurícola e urbano (justificando o in medio virtu est, isto é, concessão cinco anos antes da parte rural e cinco anos depois da urbana, se o trabalhador, simultaneamente, pertencer aos dois domínios). Então chamada de mista ou híbrida.
Substituidora dos salários, de pagamento continuado, definitivo e não reeditável é devida a segurado com a idade mínima determinada na lei.
O pressuposto técnico da prestação é a idade avançada do obreiro, promovida distinção real entre segurado urbano e rural, bem como entre homem e mulher.
Uma trabalhadora rural a desfruta aos 55 anos e o trabalhador rural, aos 60 anos. Na cidade, há acréscimo de cinco anos, a mulher obterá aos 60 anos e o homem, aos 65 anos. Se for uma pessoa com deficiência, menos cinco anos ainda.
A data do início do benefício conhece regras muito simples, estendidas, por remissão, à aposentadoria por tempo de contribuição e especial.
Na ausência de rompimento é fixada na data da solicitação, se o segurado não pedir demissão, quando não exigido esse requisito.
Após esses 90 dias, ainda nessa hipótese de desfazimento do vínculo empregatício, requerida a prestação após os 90 dias, da mesma forma contados, o começo se dá na DER.
Solicitado o benefício a destempo, isto é, muitos anos após, ele principia quando da solicitação (DER), devendo a renda mensal inicial ser atualizada, como se mantido...
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