Desigualdade de renda do trabalho teve melhora artificial em 2020 devido à pandemia, diz IBGE
A pandemia levou a uma espécie de melhora artificial no quadro de desigualdade da renda originada do trabalho no país em 2020. É o que evidenciam os dados da pesquisa "Pnad Contínua 2020 - Rendimento de Todas as Fontes" anunciada nesta sexta-feira (19) pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). No caso de renda familiar per capita, de 2019 para 2020, informou o instituto, houve a mais intensa queda de desigualdade em rendimento desde início de série em 2012, mas também artificial e sem representar melhora no quadro.
A crise causada na economia pelo avanço da covid-19, resultou em forte queda de empregos sem carteira e informais. Isso reduziu trabalhos com salários menores, sendo que, por sua vez, as vagas formais e por CLT, com salários mais parecidos, se mantiveram melhor durante a pandemia. Como os ganhos dessas vagas são similares, isso acabou por reduzir disparidades, e a conduzir "melhora" na desigualdade da renda do trabalho no país, informou o IBGE.
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No levantamento, o instituto anunciou a evolução mais recente, no país, do índice de Gini de rendimento mensal real de todos os trabalhos, recebidos pelos brasileiros no país. Criado pelo matemático italiano Conrado Gini, é um indicador que vai de 0 a 1 usado para medir o grau de concentração de renda em determinado grupo, sendo que, quanto mais distante de zero (que representa perfeita igualdade), pior a desigualdade.
De acordo com o IBGE, o índice de Gini do rendimento médio mensal real habitualmente recebido de todos os trabalhos foi de 0,500 em 2020, menor que 2019, que ficou em 0,506. O instituto detalhou que entre 2012 e 2015 houve tendência de redução desse indicador, que passou de 0,504 a 0,499. No entanto, a partir de 2016 voltou a subir, passando para 0,498 naquele ano, se mantendo no mesmo patamar em 2017, e atingindo 0,506 em 2018 e em 2019.
"Vimos que oito milhões de pessoas saíram do mercado de trabalho" detalhou Alessandra Saraiva Brito, técnica do IBGE, ao falar do resultado, citando a saída de 8,1 milhões da...
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