FMI pede mais apoio fiscal para amenizar disparidades na recuperação pós-pandemia
A disparidade na recuperação econômica pós-pandemia entre os países deve se acentuar se não houver cooperação internacional para dar mais apoio à economia global. A previsão foi feita nesta quarta-feira (13) por representantes do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI).
Ao comentar as conclusões do novo relatório Monitor Fiscal, divulgado hoje, o diretor do Departamento de Assuntos Fiscais do FMI, Vitor Gaspar, afirmou que o mundo precisa trabalhar em conjunto para enfrentar três grandes divisões: na vacinação contra a covid-19, no financiamento à recuperação e na luta contra as mudanças climáticas.
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“Embora reconheçamos que a comunidade internacional forneceu apoio crítico para aliviar vulnerabilidades em países de baixa renda, mais ajuda é necessária”, disse Gaspar em entrevista coletiva. “Ações políticas e nacionais devem funcionar em conjunto. O financiamento é uma das chaves.”
O diagnóstico do FMI é que, enquanto economias avançadas continuam com um espaço fiscal mais folgado para seguir apoiando a retomada econômica, países em desenvolvimento e de baixa renda podem ter que lidar com desafios relacionados ao endividamento no curto prazo. Além disso, a entidade prevê que os efeitos da crise serão mais duradouros nessas regiões, afetando as receitas dos governos nos próximos anos.
Para a entidade, economias emergentes e em desenvolvimento também estão mais vulneráveis às mudanças nas taxas de juros globais. Desta forma, o custo do endividamento pode subir mais rápido do que o esperado quando os bancos centrais começarem a retirar o apoio monetário implementado durante a pandemia.
Com a pandemia, a dívida global cresceu 14% em 2020, para um recorde de US$ 226 trilhões. O FMI prevê agora que a dívida será reduzida em 1 ponto percentual em 2021 e 2021, para se estabilizar em 97% do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) global a partir de 2023.
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