IBGE identifica população em idade de trabalhar menor e mais jovem
A reponderação dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (Pnad) Contínua por idade e sexo levou os técnicos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) a revisarem hoje o número e a composição da população em idade de trabalhar (PIT) no Brasil.
Segundo o instituto, esse grupo com 14 anos ou mais é 5,6 milhões menor que o dado oficial até então. Em paralelo, os especialistas observaram um processo de “rejuvenescimento” desse grupo, quando analisado sob a nova metodologia, já que houve redução do contingente de pessoas acima de 40 anos.
Segundo o IBGE, a diferença entre o dado captado sob a metodologia antiga e o da pesquisa “calibrada”, que já existia anteriormente, foi acentuada durante a pandemia, quando as entrevistas da Pnad passaram a ser realizadas exclusivamente por telefone e sofreram com uma baixa no número de respostas. A nova série indica, portanto, que havia uma sobrerrepresentação de dois grupos etários: de 40 a 59 anos e de 60 anos ou mais.
Na série antiga da Pnad Contínua, a população em idade ativa estava em 177,15 milhões, mas caiu para 171,48 milhões após as mudanças. O principal grupo responsável por essa queda foi aquele formado por pessoas com 60 anos ou mais, que caiu 8,91 milhões, de 39,99 milhões para 31,08 milhões. Também houve queda significativa no número de pessoas entre 40 e 59 anos, que caiu de 59,39 milhões para 53,79 milhões (variação de 5,6 milhões).
Em contrapartida, houve aumento nos contingentes das faixas etárias mais jovens. O maior aumento foi registrado entre aqueles entre 25 e 39 anos, que cresceu 7,01 milhões, de 44,08 milhões para 51,09 milhões. Aqueles entre 18 e 24 anos também se tornaram mais representativos no universo de pessoas que podem trabalhar, ao saltarem de 21,42 milhões para 23,26 milhões (1,83 milhão a mais). Por fim, o número de brasileiros entre 14 e 17 anos foi reajustado em 2 mil pessoas, para 12,252 milhões.
Em termos percentuais, os extratos mais jovens aumentam sua representatividade, em detrimento daqueles de maior idade. O maior salto se dá no grupo entre 25 anos e 39 anos, que saltaram de 24,9% dos que podem trabalhar...
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