Lucro de grandes bancos cresce 21% no trimestre, mas risco aumenta
Com o impulso do crédito, os quatro maiores bancos de capital aberto do país viram ao mesmo tempo o lucro e o risco crescer no segundo trimestre deste ano. Juntos, Itaú Unibanco, Banco do Brasil (BB), Bradesco e Santander lucraram R$ 26,6 bilhões entre abril e junho em termos recorrentes, um aumento de 20,6% em relação ao mesmo período do ano passado.
O motor desse crescimento foi o crédito, que continua forte e tem superado as expectativas do próprio setor, na esteira da recuperação (ainda que claudicante) da atividade econômica. A carteira de empréstimos e financiamentos dos quatro grandes avançou 16,8% em 12 meses, para R$ 3,4 trilhões. O volume maior e a expansão de linhas relacionadas ao consumo contribuíram para um crescimento de 10,5% na margem financeira bruta, que somou R$ 68,83 bilhões. O crescimento seria ainda maior se não fosse o desempenho da margem com o mercado, que reflete operações de tesouraria e gestão de balanço. O indicador chegou a ficar negativo em alguns bancos com a rápida escalada dos juros.
Mas, se carteira de crédito e spreads estão subindo, nem tudo é positivo. As despesas com provisões para devedores duvidosos (PDD) subiram 49,8%, para R$ 21,53 bilhões. A constituição dessas provisões em parte acompanha o crescimento do crédito, mas também sinaliza que os bancos estão vendo um aumento do risco com a inadimplência em alta, em um ambiente de inflação e juros elevados.
A grande incógnita é saber até onde a inadimplência subirá, depois de já ter voltado aos patamares pré-pandemia na maioria das instituições. O combo de inflação, juros e eleição torna muito difícil projetar o quanto o crédito pode se expandir no ano que vem, mas a expectativa é de desaceleração da economia.
“Vemos um cenário de inadimplência subindo, é uma questão do mercado como um todo”, afirmou nesta quinta-feira o vice-presidente de...
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