Pandemia interrompeu melhora da rentabilidade do sistema bancário, diz BC
O Banco Central (BC) afirmou nesta segunda-feira que “a pandemia interrompeu a melhora da rentabilidade do sistema bancário” observada nos últimos anos. Segundo a autoridade monetária, o Retorno sobre o Patrimônio Líquido (ROE) do Sistema Financeiro Nacional (SFN) alcançou em dezembro do ano passado o menor patamar da série histórica, atingindo 11,5%.
“A queda da rentabilidade foi generalizada, afetando bancos de diferentes tipos de controle, porte e segmento de atividade”, disse o BC em seu Relatório de Economia Bancária (REB). “As despesas com provisões aumentaram, as margens ficaram pressionadas e as receitas com serviços sofreram com a queda da atividade econômica. Os custos administrativos permaneceram sob controle.”
O principal fator que levou a essa queda da rentabilidade, de acordo com o BC, “foi o aumento das despesas com provisões para perdas com crédito”.
“A margem de crédito bruta ficou pressionada e recuou levemente em 2020 devido ao efeito combinado do maior crescimento da carteira e da redução das rendas. Esta última decorreu tanto da diminuição das taxas de juros ao longo do ano como do limite máximo para a taxa de juros do cheque especial. O custo de captação recuou, mas aumentou em relação à taxa Selic”, afirmou.
A diminuição da concentração no SFN observada em anos anteriores “manteve-se em 2020”, de acordo com o BC. “Essa redução envolveu os segmentos bancário e não bancário e os três agregados contábeis considerados (ativo total, depósito total e operações de crédito)”, disse a autoridade monetária.
No relatório, o BC destaca que o índice HerfindahlHirschman Normalizado (IHHn), uma medida de concentração, caiu para 0,0983 em 2020, contra 0,1071 no ano anterior.
“A queda da fatia de mercado do Banco do Brasil (BB), da Caixa Econômica Federal (CEF) e do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) foi um fator importante para a redução da...
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