Plano climático de fundo norueguês eleva pressão sobre empresas brasileiras
O fundo soberano da Noruega - de US$ 1,2 trilhão, o maior do mundo - anunciou nesta terça-feira (20) um novo plano de ação para que todas as companhias nas quais investe alcancem emissões líquidas zero de gases de efeito estufa até 2050, em linha com o Acordo de Paris.O plano terá impacto no Brasil, onde o fundo norueguês investe em 174 empresas, somando US$ 4,5 bilhões ou 0,3% de todos seus ativos. Sua participação acionária abrange, por exemplo, 1% na Petrobras, 2,1% na Suzano, 2,2% na Cosan e 3,6% na Aliansce Sonae Shopping Centers. No total, os aportes no Brasil em 2021 alcançaram cerca de US$ 6 bilhões, incluindo títulos de renda fixa, o equivalente a 0,4% de todos seus investimentos, comparados a 0,9% em 2019. Mas o número de empresas em que investe no país aumentou de 139 em 2019 para 174 no ano passado.Conforme o Valor publicou em março, no ano passado o Norges Bank, que administra o fundo soberano, excluiu 12 empresas globalmente do portfólio e colocou três outras sob observação. Uma dessas três é a brasileira Marfrig Global Foods, por questões ambientais. O fundo tinha apenas US$ 2 milhões investidos nessa companhia (0,08% das ações).O fundo na ocasião também iniciou "diálogo" com 11 empresas que estão entre as que mais contribuem para a pegada de carbono do portfólio de ações, para entender seus planos de reduzir suas emissões de gases de efeito estufa. Uma delas é a Petrobras.Em 2019, o fundo já tinha excluído do portfólio duas brasileiras entre 15 globalmente: a Vale, por "dano ambiental severo", em referência aos acidentes com barragens, que causaram centenas de mortes; e a Eletrobras por "violação dos direitos humanos" envolvendo certos projetos hidrelétricos, como a usina de Belo Monte.Globalmente, o fundo investe em mais de 9 mil companhias em 70 países. Com o novo plano, quer acelerar a descarbonização de seu portfólio para evitar riscos financeiros decorrentes de atrasos na transição ambiental. "Pediremos às empresas que empreendam ações apropriadas a curto prazo para ajudar a mitigar o aquecimento global e...
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