Ecotourism development optimum strategies using SWOT and QSPM models: a case study of Ardebil Province, Iran
| Autor | Bahram Imani - Mansour Rahmati - Vahed Aghaei |
| Cargo | Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Email: bahram_imani60@yahoo.com. - Assistant Professor of Political Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Email: rahmati1358@gmail.com. - PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran. ... |
| Páginas | 508-523 |
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 8 - Nº 03 - Ano 2019
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
508
ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT OPTIMUM STRATEGIES
USING SWOT AND QSPM MODELS: A CASE STUDY OF
ARDEBIL PROVINCE, IRAN
1
Bahram Imani
2
Mansour Rahmati
3
iVahed Aghae
Abstract: Tourism is the largest
economic activities in the worlds and has
a fast growth, status of Iran suggests that
Iran's tourism industry in less than one
thousandth of global revenue from
tourism is their portion. Among the
provinces of Iran, many ecotourism
attractions in Ardebil province (about 42
hot and cold mineral springs, 24 dams,
11 habitats and 35 special natural
attractions, etc.), which can be a factor
for sustainable development in the
region. This study aimed to identify
existing facilities and provide optimal
solutions to assist in economic
development, social and cultural
development of ecotourism is in shadow,
so in this research using descriptive -
analytical model of strategic planning
(SWOT) to provide strategies and
1
Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,
Ardabil, Iran. Email: bahram_imani60@yahoo.com.
2
Assistant Professor of Political Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Email: rahmati1358@gmail.com.
3
PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran. Email:
aghaei.vahed@gmail.com.
effective strategies used in the
development of ecotourism is in the end,
using a strategic quantity planning
priorities, 20 basic strategy suggested for
the ecotourism development.
Keywords: Ecotourism, Development,
Strategic Planning, SWOT, Ardebil
province
1- Introduction
Tourism is define as an activity
at which done by people for
Entertainment and travel to other part
from their home. Tourism has been done
in two inner and international levels that
each them has their characteristic. Inner
factors totally are rule, customs, values,
ideas and force groups. In recent decade,
tourism importance at international level
Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito
Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba
V. 8 - Nº 03 - Ano 2019
ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index
509
increased in number to tourists and level
income (parvin & ahmadi, 2013). The
WTO definition of tourism, which refers
to all those activities outside their normal
places to spend leisure time, work and
other purposes, for a period of less than
one year (Zahedi, 2004 ). Writing in
1989, Pearce argued that unplanned,
uncontrolled tourism growth when taken
to the extreme can destroy the very
resource on which it is built. Hall (1991)
believed that demands for tourism
planning are a response to the effects of
unplanned tourism expansion. Tourism
planning is usually considered as
planning for tourism, a traditional view
that focuses on planning for tourist
developments. It places great emphasis
on providing destination attractions and
facilities in order to attract tourists and
increase economic development. During
the late 1980s a sustainable development
approach to tourism planning was
advanced by a number of authors (Azimi
& hajipour, 2010). In the meantime, a
new trend in tourism is ecotourism. The
beautiful landscapes of nature and tourist
attractions are the focus of this type of
tourism, so it’s important role in
protecting the environment is essential to
achieve sustainable development
(Rezvani, 2002). Ecotourism is a short
"Ecological Tourism" and the new trend
in tourism is a relatively recent
phenomenon that only makes up a part of
this industry (Zarabi et al., 2011), and as
the rapid development of the tourism
industry compared to the biggest mass
tourism or old. The association of
ecotourism; better to reduce the country's
deficit and capital gains, job creation and
sustainable local food (Zhuang, liu, 2010).
The department of tourism benefits the
local, regional, national and international
causes (voeks & ramation, 2004). The
historical origin of the ecotourism
concept can be traced back to the 1960s
when ecologists and environmentalists
became concerned over the inappropriate
use of natural resources. The
preservation of biodiversity was
threatened in favor of economic interest
and the exploitation of natural resources
(Higham, 2007). The fourth and fifth
principles are related to financial
benefits that may occur from ecotourism
for conservation, impacting local people
as well as private industry. Ecotourism
has high financial potential for natural
conservation through entrance fees,
levies, concessions and other economic
activities. The economic benefits from
ecotourism can also benefit
environmental conservation and
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