Finalidades
Autor | Adailson Lima e Silva |
Ocupação do Autor | Bacharel em Direito pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
Páginas | 75-77 |
Page 75
A nosso juízo, a sentença tem por finalidade julgar a pretensão processual (pedido) constante da demanda, atribuindo ou denegando um bem da vida, juridicamente apreciável, no todo ou em parte, ao vencedor do pleito.
Ademais, a sentença pode pôr fim ao trâmite da demanda sem o julgamento da pretensão processual nela constante, por falta de pressupostos processuais ou condições da ação.
A doutrina de Chiovenda1é lançada neste diapasão: “la sentenza è soltanto l’affermazione di uma volontá dello Stato che garantica ad alcuno bene della vita nel caso concreto”.2
A coisa julgada tem o escopo de tornar exeqüível o julgamento da pretensão processual constante da demanda que fora apresentada à análise e deliberação da função judiciária. Nesta linha é o pensamento de Hernando Echandía:3“La razón de ser de esta institución es la necesidad de ponerles término a los litigios decididos”.
Page 76
De maneira indireta, a finalidade da coisa julgada é obter a paz social. Neste patamar é também o ensinamento de Eduardo Juan Couture.4“coisa julgada é, em resumo, uma exigência política e não propriamente jurídica; não é de razão natural, mas sim de exigência prática”.
De ordem científica e pragmática, a coisa julgada tem por objetivo a exeqüibilidade, a formação de título executivo judicial que propicie o cumprimento do julgado, no caso de recalcitrância do vencido em cumpri-lo espontaneamente.
É também o pensamento de Antunes Varela:5“Outros reflexos importantes da força e autoridade do caso julgado transparecem nos termos em que a sentença de condenação pode servir de base ao processo de execução”.
Na mesma ordem de idéias, a coisa julgada tem por finalidade a indiscutibilidade do objeto da decisão, ou seja, impedir novamente o julgamento de pretensão (pedido) deduzido em juízo pela parte e já julgado definitivamente pela função judiciária.
Leciona Goldschmidt:6“La significación de la fuerza material de cosa juzgada reside en sus efectos de constatación, de tal modo que el juez está ligado, en todo proceso futuro que se promueva, a la decisión contenida en la sentencia”.
Se ocorrer a repetição do ajuizamento de demanda cuja pretensão processual (pedido) já foi objeto de julgamento, deverá ser manejada a exceção de coisa julgada, cujo julgamento importará na extinção da...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Preclusão e Coisa Julgada
- Agradecimentos
- Prefácio
- Apresentação
- Introdução - O Tempo e o Direito
- Antecedentes Históricos
- Doutrina Estrangeira
- Conceitos
- Finalidades
- Características
- Requisitos
- Espécies
- Diferenças
- Efeitos
- Limites
- Natureza Jurídica
- Objeto
- Princípios
- Relativização da Coisa Julgada
- A Coisa Julgada no Processo de Execução
- Exame de Alguns Casos de Preclusão e Coisa Julgada
- A Inconstitucionalidade do Art. 285-A do CPC
- A Necessidade de um Novo Código de Processo Civil
- Conclusões
- Bibliografia
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