Marseille, city of refuge: international solidarity, American humanitarianism, and Vichy France (1940-1942)
| Autor | Emilien Tortel |
| Cargo | Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement, Department of International History, Geneva, Switzerland |
| Páginas | 364-385 |
Esboços, Florianópolis, v. 28, n. 48, p. 364-385, maio/ago. 2021.
ISSN 2175-7976 DOI https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2021.e78244
original
article
364/635
MARSEILLE, CITY OF REFUGE:
INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY,
AMERICAN HUMANITARIANISM,
AND VICHY FRANCE (1940–1942)
Emilien Tortel a
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-7974
Email: emilien.tortel@graduateinstitute.ch
a Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement, Department of
International History, Geneva, Switzerland
histórias em contextos globais
DOSSIÊ
Internacionalismo e história global
Esboços, Florianópolis, v. 28, n. 48, p. 364-385, maio/ago. 2021.
ISSN 2175-7976 DOI https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2021.e78244 365/635
ABSTRACT
Anchored in the port of Marseille, this article studies encounters between international solidarity, American
humanitarianism, and Vichy France’s nationalism in times of war and exile. Being the last free harbour
in France after the country’s defeat against Germany in the spring of 1940, Marseille saw hundreds of
internationalism of humanitarian and solidarity networks bonded by an anti-fascist ideology. American
humanitarians, diplomats, and radical leftist militants shaped this eclectic internationalism by providing
crucial support for European refugees escaping the Nazi-backed state repression in France. Using
the local archives of the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, this paper analyses how these actors and
their ideologies met in Marseille and interacted with or against Vichy France’s nationalism. In the end,
the extended historiography on refugees, American humanitarianism, solidarity networks, and French
nationalism will be used to analyse global ideologies in a local context during the Second World War.
KEYWORDS
World War II. Refugees. Marseille.
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