Materiais e métodos
Autor | Vera Lucia de Campos Corrêa Shebalj |
Páginas | 69-75 |
Page 69
A metodologia para a execução deste trabalho de pesquisa foi estabelecida com vistas a avaliar ambientes por meio de campanhas de medição acústica em unidades habitacionais, dentro e fora das unidades.
Procedeu-se também a colheita da percepção dos usuários em zona urbana de Curitiba, sobre a qualidade acústica de suas moradias, considerando o pós-uso, bem como sua correlação com medidas acústicas que permitissem analisar o desempenho acústico frente aos requisitos da NBR 15575:2013.
A amostra está qualificada como intencional e não probabilística, devido ao número de elementos que a compõe, porém, foi possível analisar os dados e obter-se resultados passíveis de entendimento sobre o assunto.
Nesse contexto, são apresentados os equipamentos utilizados para a realização das medições acústicas, bem como os métodos empregados para medição e análise da percepção dos usuários.
Um instrumento para os registros acústicos, devidamente calibrado, foi utilizado nas campanhas de medição de níveis de pressão sonora (Figura 3):
FIGURA 3 – Equipamento utilizado nas medições DECIBELÍMETRO DIGITAL Sonômetro Digital – Digital Sound Level Meter MSL-1325A
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O Sonômetro Digital é de uso simples e efetua registros de Níveis de Pressão Sonora – NPS em dB e taxas de aquisição de dados que varia entre 1 segundo e 16 segundos. Ponderações de frequência A e C em modo rápido ( fast ) ou devagar ( slow ) são diretamente configuradas, assim como a faixa de nível de aquisição entre 30 e 130 dB.
Nas medidas realizadas nesse trabalho, em sua maior parte, foi utilizada a faixa entre 30 e 90 dB, por ser uma faixa média, com taxas de aquisição de 1 segundo. A resolução das medidas é de 0,5 dB com precisão de ±2 dB (na condição de referência de 94 dB à 1kHz). A faixa de frequências consideradas na avaliação da medida resultante está limitada ao trecho entre 125 Hz e 8 kHz.
Utilizou-se um tripé para o apoio do instrumento nas medições internas e externas, foi desenvolvida uma haste telescópica em alumínio, confeccionada com pontos para prolongamento em diferentes extensões e a fixação do aparelho de medição na extremidade. A motivação para esse desenvolvimento foi a necessidade de realização de medições em altura, observando a distância de 2 metros da fachada da edificação. A confecção se fez necessária, pois...
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