- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- A Contestação Na Perícia Judicial. Técnicas de Argumentação E Persuasão
- Sumário
O Auditório do Assistente é o Juiz
Autor | José Fiker |
Ocupação do Autor | Doutor em Semiótica e Linguística Geral (com enfâse em Laudos Periciais) pela USP |
Páginas | 37-38 |
Page 37
6.1 “Existem dois tipos de auditório: o auditório particular e o auditório universal. O auditório universal é ‘constituído pela humanidade toda ou ao menos por todos os homens adultos e normais’. (PERELMAN; OLBRECHTS; TYTECA. Tratado de Argumentação,
p. 39, 2002). O auditório particular é formado apenas pelo inter-locutor ao qual o locutor se dirige. Cada cultura, cada classe social, cada indivíduo tem sua própria concepção de auditório universal e particular e, a partir dela, faz variar a argumentação.
A argumentação dirigida a um auditório universal procura convencer o enunciatário da evidência das razões apresentadas e da sua independência de contingências locais ou históricas. A retórica mais eficaz é aquela que emprega apenas provas lógicas (demonstração). A argumentação apresentada a um auditório particular procura persuadir o outro a realizar uma ação imediata ou futura, desenrolando-se essencialmente no plano prático. A distinção de convencer e persuadir depende, portanto, do auditório ao qual é dirigida a enunciação” (FIKER. Linguagem do Laudo Pericial, p. 31, 2005). “São as relações assistente / juiz que vão definir o tipo de discurso a ser utilizado para persuasão do magistrado. Ao contrário da escrita que escreve para um auditório universal, e mais especificamente do cientista que se dirige a toda a comunidade e que, portanto, utiliza mais a demonstração, o assistente tem um enunciatário específico que é o juiz e sua argumentação deve considerar as especificidades desse enunciatário para conseguir persuadi-lo, e não somente demonstrar, como faz
Page 38
o cientista para seu auditório universal. Mais do que recursos cognitivos de demonstração utilizados pelo cientista, o assistente deve utilizar a manipulação pragmática da argumentação, considerando as peculiaridades do caso, a visão de mundo e a linguagem do juiz” (FIKER. Linguagem do Laudo Pericial, p. 31-32, 2005).
6.2 “Um assistente deve sempre realçar a excelência de suas causas e de suas teses. Contudo, se tem contra si um fato grave ou um argumento de peso, ao qual deveria se curvar, é melhor que...
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