Brazil's administrative justice system in a comparative context
| Autor | Ricardo Perlingeiro |
| Cargo | Full Professor at the Law School of Fluminense Federal University (UFF ? Rio de Janeiro-RJ) and coordinator of the Judiciary Sciences Centre at UFF (Nupej/UFF) |
| Páginas | 33-58 |
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Revista de Investigações Constitucionais, Curitiba, vol. 1, n. 3, p. 33-58, set./dez . 2014.
Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons
Licensed under Creative Commons
Brazil’s administrative justice system
in a comparative context*
O sistema de justiça administrativa brasileira
em uma perspectiva comparada
RICARDO PERLINGEIRO**
Universidade Federal Fluminense (Brasil)
r.perlingeiro@terra.com.br
Recebido/Received: 08.08.2014 / August 8th, 2014
Aprovado/Approved: 03.09.2014 / September 3rd, 2014
Como citar este artigo | How to cite this article: PERLINGEIRO, Ricardo. Brazil’s Administrative Justice System in a comparative con-
text. Revista de Investigações Constitucionais, Curitiba, vol. 1, n. 3, p. 33-58, set./dez. 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/
rinc.v1i3.40517
* I am indebted to Carlos André Galante Grover, J.D. candidate at American University, Washington College of Law, for his
invaluable assistance in reviewing this article. I would like to extend a special thank you to Je S. Lubbers, professor at American
University, Washington College of Law, for his helpful comments and feedback. All errors remain the author’s. About the subject
of this article, see generally: PERLINGEIRO, Ricardo. A Justiça Administrativa Brasileira Comparada. Revista do Centro de
Estudos Judiciários do Conselho da Justiça Federal [Revista CEJ], n. 57, p. 6-18, 2012.
** Full Professor at the Law School of Fluminense Federal University (UFF – Rio de Janeiro-RJ) and coordinator of the Judiciary
Sciences Centre at UFF (Nupej/UFF). Doctorate in Law – University Gama Filho (UGF). Coordinator of the Executive Committee of
the National Council of Justice for the monitoring and settlement of healthcare assistance claims in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Member of the Brazilian Institute of Procedural Law. Member of Ibero-American Institute of Procedural Law. Member of the
International Association of Procedural Law. Federal judge of the Judiciary Section of Rio de Janeiro.
Resumo
O texto contém uma análise descritiva de aspectos do
processo administrativo, do sistema judicial e dos pro-
cessos judiciais no sistema brasileiro de justiça adminis-
trativa. Os pontos fortes e fracos identicados pelo artigo
servem como base para futuras pesquisas comparativas
entre o sistema de justiça administrativa no Brasil, os
sistemas que inuenciaram o Brasil incluindo a Europa
continental e os Estados Unidos e os sistemas que foram
também inuenciados em toda a Ibero-américa.
Palavras-chave: Direito Administrativo; autoridades ad-
ministrativas; justiça administrativa; Direito Comparado.
Abstract
The text contains a descriptive analysis of aspects of ad-
ministrative procedure, the judicial system and judicial
processes within Brazil’s system of administrative justice.
The strengths and weaknesses the text identies serve as a
basis for future comparative research between the system
of administrative justice in Brazil, the systems that inuen-
ced Brazil including continental Europe and the United
States,and the systems that were likewise inuenced throu-
ghout Ibero-America.
Keywords: Administrative Law; administrative authorities,
administrative justice; Comparative Law.
Revista de Investigações Constitucionais
ISSN 2359-5639
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rinc.v1i3.40517
Revista de Investigações Constitucionais, Curitiba, vol. 1, n. 3, p. 33-58, set./dez . 2014.
Carlos E. Delpiaz zo
34
YEPES STORK, Ricardo. Fundamentos de Antropología. Pamplona: EUNSA, 1996.
VILLAMIL, Lucía. Los deberes como efectivo límite y garantía de los derechos humanos. In: DELPIA-
ZZO, Carlos E. (coord). Pasado y presente del Derecho Administrativo Uruguayo. Montevideo:
(F.C.U., 2012.
YEPES STORK, Ricardo. Fundamentos de Antropología. Pamplona: EUNSA, 1996.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction. 2. Administrative hearings prior to judicial review. 3. The organization of administrative
jurisdictions. 4. Scope of administrative jurisdiction. 5. Judges who exercise administrative jurisdiction.
6. The need for counsel in administrative jurisdiction. 7. Cognizable claims and scope of judicial review.
8. Principle of legality. 9. Principles of proportionality and reasonableness. 10. Principle of equality. 11.
Principles of legal certainty and legitimate expectations. 12. The principle of due process of law (fair
hearing and adversarial proceedings). 12.1. Garnishment of public servants’ wages. 12.2. The principle
of a fair hearing in decisions of Brazil’s Federal Audit Tribunal. 13. The reality of Brazil’s administrative
authorities. 14. Final considerations. 15. References.
1 INTRODUCTION
It is timely that there be a new dialogue between the Brazilian and U.S. systems
of administrative law and administrative litigation. There has been relatively minimal
comparative scientic analysis involving Brazil and the United States on the topic. This
dearth exists despite the fact that the Brazilian model of “judicial review” was largely
inuenced by the single civil jurisdictional system of the U.S. model, which replaced
the French “model of jurisdictional dualism” present in Brazil since the beginning of the
Brazilian republic in 1891.1
With this study, I hope to engage in a descriptive and timely analysis of the Bra-
zilian administrative justice system, focusing on administrative proceedings, organiza-
tion of the Judiciary, and the judicial process as a whole. Furthermore the study takes
a Rule of Law and eective judicial functioning perspective, as dened by European
administrative law and reproduced in some Ibero-American models, to identify both
positive and negative aspects of Brazil’s administrative justice system. The descriptive
analysis will serve as a basis for future comparative analysis with the U.S. system.
Initially, however, it is necessary to dene the scope and context of the termi-
nology used. The term “administrative litigation” refers to claims or appeals of a private
citizen against the actions taken by an administrative authority. The term “administrati-
ve jurisdiction” describes the exercise of jurisdiction over administrative litigation, and
“administrative court” refers to the state organs responsible for exercising jurisdiction
over administrative issues.
2. ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS PRIOR TO JUDICIAL REVIEW
The principle of Rule of Law requires that administrative litigation be entrus-
ted exclusively to a particular jurisdiction. The principle of eective judicial functioning
(judicial review of administrative action) is not compromised by ling directly with an
administrative authority prior to judicial review.2 I refer here to the model of higher
1 See SILVA, Ricardo Perlingeiro Mendes da; BLANKE, Hermann-Josef; SOMMERMANN, Karl-Peter. Código de
jurisdição administrativa: o modelo alemão. Rio de Janeiro: Renovar, 2009.
2 See FROMONT, Michel. Droit administratif des Etats européens . Paris: Presses Universitaires de france –
puf, 2006, p.112-19
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