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- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Liquidação E Execução Das Ações Coletivas Na Justiça do Trabalho
Da natureza da decisão proferida em ações coletivas para a defesa de interesses coletivos, difusos e individuais homogêneos
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 593-594 |
Page 593
A sentença, nas ações coletivas para a defesa de interesses difusos e coletivos, é certa e, havendo condenação, a obrigação imposta ao demandado será de fazer ou não fazer (art. 3º c/c art. 11 da Lei n. 7.347/85), podendo haver, também, condenação ao pagamento de indenização que é revertida, em regra, ao FAT (Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador), conforme previsão do art. 13 da Lei n. 7.347/85. De outro lado, havendo condenação, a sentença deve fixar multa pecuniária (astreintes - art. 84 da Lei n. 8.078/90 e arts. 461 e seguintes do CPC) para o seu efetivo cumprimento e máxima efetividade da jurisdição coletiva.
Como destaca Carlos Henrique Bezerra Leite9: "Na esteira do didatismo dos art. 3º e 11 da Lei n. 7.347/85, vê-se que o pedido na ação civil pública, inclusive no âmbito da Justiça do Trabalho, terá conteúdo primordialmente cominatório (ou condenatório), na medida em que impõe ao réu uma obrigação de fazer ou não fazer. Logo, a ‘sentença civil pública’ terá, em regra, efeito condenatório".
Page 594
A sentença proferida na ação em que se postula a defesa de interesses individuais homogêneos é genérica, conforme dispõe o art. 95 da Lei n. 8.078/90, in verbis:
Em caso de procedência do pedido, a condenação será genérica, fixando a responsabilidade do réu pelos danos causados.
Cumpre destacar, entretanto, que a generalidade da sentença se dá quanto ao valor (quantum debeatur) e quanto aos titulares individuais do direito, mas quanto à obrigação de indenizar ela é certa (an debeatur).
A sentença genérica é sem rosto, pois os titulares do direito não são identificados, o que será realizado na fase de liquidação. Ao contrário do que ocorre com as class action norte-americanas, onde o juízo desde logo faz a quantificação das lesões dos danos, ou seja, já profere a sentença líquida10, o Direito Brasileiro optou pela sentença genérica, vale dizer: sem quantificar os valores.
[9] BEZERRA LEITE, Carlos Henrique. Ação civil pública: na perspectiva dos direitos humanos. 2. ed. São Paulo: LTr, 2008. p. 166.
[10] BEZERRA LEITE, Carlos Henrique. Liquidação na Ação Civil Pública: o processo e a efetividade...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Liquidação e Execução das Ações Coletivas na Justiça do Trabalho
- Do conceito de interesses difusos, coletivos e individuais homogêneos
- Da natureza da decisão proferida em ações coletivas para a defesa de interesses coletivos, difusos e individuais homogêneos
- Liquidação e execução dos direitos difusos e coletivos
- A liquidação da decisão para interesses individuais homogêneos
- A execução dos interesses individuais homogêneos
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