Levantamento do FGTS
Autor | Wladimir Novaes Martinez |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogado especialista em Direito Previdenciário |
Páginas | 141-142 |
Page 141
Ab initio, ique claro: o levantamento dos depósitos do FGTS quando da extinção de contrato de trabalho devido a transposição do celetista para o estatutário ainda é polêmico.
Pelo menos doutrinariamente.
As posições favoráveis e contrárias são sustentadas por respeitáveis estudiosos e decisões judiciais, na medida em que esse montante seria um salário diferido do trabalhador e que aguardaria a oportunidade (legal) para ser recebido.
O art. 20 da Lei n. 8.036/90 não previu essa hipótese. O silêncio não é indutor da possibili-dade. Simplesmente poucos pensaram o assunto quando da definição dos casos em que impera esse direito subjetivo.
Tal dispositivo da Lei n. 8.036/90 não é meramente exemplificativo. Só o ativismo jurídico pode pensar assim; ele é claramente enumerativo. O legislador da época da promulgação da lei queria proteger o destino desses depósitos.
Os recursos acumulados têm outras inalidades além da proteção do trabalhador. Rigorosamente, só a lei poderia alterá-lo.
Ajuizando principiologicamente, quando criou o FGTS, o legislador pretendeu substituir a indenização garantidora da estabilidade anterior com um crédito pessoal excepcionalmente levantado pelo titular. Se o celetista tem a estabilidade assegurada ao passar para a condição de estatutário, ica sem sentido sacar o FGTS nessa oportunidade (sem prejuízo de atendimento das demais previsões legais).
Como a aposentação é uma modalidade assecuratória desse direito, ao se jubilar como estatutário, então, o servidor levantará o FGTS devidamente atualizado monetariamente.
Trabalhadora que teve o seu regime jurídico de trabalho alterado de celetista para estatutário tem direito ao levantamento do FGTS. Essa foi a decisão da 6ª turma do TRF da 1ª Região, que reformou sentença que negara o saque do Fundo de Garantia por não se enquadrar, a trabalhadora, em qualquer hipótese do art. 20 da Lei n. 8.036/90.
Ela comprovou que trabalhou como celetista para o município de Condeúba/BA, desde março de 1999 até a sua admissão no regime jurídico de estatutário em 2009. Reivindicou, então, o direito ao levantamento do valor depositado, pois o contrato de trabalho foi extinto por alteração do regime.
Em sua defesa, a CEF alegou que essa mudança não...
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