Metodologia de captura dos dados, nomenclatura e classificações
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A Câmara dos Deputados oferece informações sobre seus processos internos diariamente em formato acessível por computadores. Assim, é possível construir aplicações que utilizam essas informações de maneira ampla e automatizada. Dentro do escopo do projeto Congresso em Números, foi construída uma aplicação que processa e organiza (captura) as informações com regularidade. Isso permitiu análises históricas e atuais da Câmara dos Deputados, além de prover insumo para perspectivas que não eram estudadas devido à ausência de informação regular e confiável.
Os dados disponibilizados pela Câmara podem ser encontrados via Rest API (Application Programming Interface). Esse tipo de ferramenta permite a busca padronizada a registros específicos da base de dados, sem liberar o acesso total aos dados. É um serviço usado por outras instituições, como o Twitter e a Bolsa de Valores, para compartilhar dados, porque facilita o desenvolvimento de aplicações ao mesmo tempo que garante a segurança e integridade das bases.
Atualmente, a Câmara dos Deputados tem duas APIs para o acesso das bases. A primeira1 já está consolidada, enquanto a segunda2 se encontra em fase de desenvolvimento. Cada API tem suas particularidades, como o formato dos dados e o conteúdo. A versão 1, que continua disponibilizando acesso aos
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dados, é a mais antiga. Ela é mais coesa e estável. Já a versão 2 foi iniciada em 2017. Ela está em constante aprimoramento e ainda se encontra em fase beta. Essa versão é bastante instável e apresenta diversas inconsistências e falhas, impossibilitando o uso de suas informações. Portanto, neste estudo utilizamos dados extraídos da API versão 1.
Foram capturados todos os dados da Câmara dos Deputados desde 5 de outubro de 1988, com a promulgação da atual Constituição Federal, até 31 de dezembro de 2017. As classificações dos termos utilizados neste estudo seguem como base o glossário da Câmara dos Deputados e, subsidiariamente, o do Senado Federal. Há três divisões nas classificações: proposições, processo legislativo e situação atual.
Nas proposições, utilizou-se uma classificação e nomenclatura própria a fim de organizá-las de acordo com o nível de alteração proposto dentro do ordenamento jurídico. Como legais/supralegais,3 foram enquadradas aquelas que pretendiam criar ou modificar regulações para a sociedade brasileira, aspecto de suma importância para ordenamento jurídico e para a previsibilidade legal do país. Já as infralegais4...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Congresso em números: a produção legislativa do Brasil de 1988 a 2017
- Apresentação
- Metodologia de captura dos dados, nomenclatura e classificações
- Conjuntura política em 2017
- Série da produção legislativa 1988-2017
- A produção legislativa em 2017
- Presença dos parlamentares em 2017
- Indicador de apoio ao Governo
- Conclusões
- Anexo 1: Metodologia detalhada de captura dos dados
- Anexo 2: Metodologia detalhada de nomenclaturas e definições
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