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- Livros E Revistas
- Os Príncipios de Direito do Trabalho Na Lei E Na Jurisprudência
- Parte 4. Princípios de Direito do Trabalho de 2ª Geração
Direitos Fundamentais do Trabalho
Autor | Francisco Meton Marques De Lima |
Ocupação do Autor | Mestre em Direito e Desenvolvimento pela UFC. Doutor em Direito Constitucional pela UFMG |
Páginas | 223-224 |
Page 223
Barbagelata (2008, p. 19-29) alude aos princípios de direito do trabalho de 2ª geração, que equivalem aos direitos fundamentais do trabalho, calcados nos princípios da dignidade, da igualdade, da liberdade, da intimidade, da segurança. Essa categoria de direitos respalda ações de reparação por danos morais e ações civis públicas, ação para fazer cessar práticas ofensivas, ação penal e ação para restituição do status quo ante, com pesados ônus para as empresas que os infringem, quer na prática discriminatória, nos atos antissindicais, nas agressões à dignidade, à intimidade, ao meio ambiente de trabalho, à segurança e saúde do trabalho, a outros direitos personalíssimos.
O conjunto desses direitos encontra-se textualizado principalmente no art. 5º da Constituição, dos quais todos gozam, mas alguns são mais sensíveis ao cidadão enquanto trabalhador, ou cuja violação o atinge mais nessa condição.
Não se trata de romantismo, mas de direitos concretos, de consequências econômicas. Consequência direta do neoconstitucionalismo, ou nova hermenêutica constitucional, ou direitos constitucionais calcados em valores.
Assusta de certa maneira o fato de os tratadistas da Constituição e dos direitos humanos omitirem a problemática dos trabalhadores como titulares de direitos humanos, ou a questão dos direitos humanos sob o enfoque do drama do trabalho, que é um dos seus principais berços.
Com efeito, os trabalhadores compõem a massa social mais desfavorecida, a mais pobre, a mais doente, a menos letrada, a mais faminta, a ascendente e a descendente dos miseráveis, a que forma o cinturão de miséria das cidades. Por isso, não é demais dizer que são os trabalhadores os principais credores de direitos humanos, por serem as principais vítimas da organização social. Do mesmo modo, sob o enfoque coletivista, nem democracia existe sem liberdade sindical. Logo, a liberdade sindical é o primeiro instrumento da democracia. Entretanto, lamentavelmente, os tratadistas do direito constitucional passam ao largo dessa...
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