Conceito e natureza jurídica
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 302-303 |
Page 302
Conforme a clássica definição de Liebman, "a penhora é o ato pelo qual o órgão judiciário submete a seu poder imediato determinados bens do executado, fixando sobre eles a destinação de servirem à satisfação do direito do exequente".
Para Francisco Antonio de Oliveira1, "a penhora traduz meio coercitivo do qual se vale o exequente para vencer a resistência de devedor inadimplente e renitente à implementação do comando judicial".
Na visão de Humberto Theodoro Júnior2, consiste a penhora no "ato inicial de expropriação do processo de execução, para individualizar a responsabilidade executória mediante apreensão material, direta ou indireta, de bens constantes do patrimônio do devedor. Diz-se que é um ato de afetação porque sua consequência imediata é sujeitar os bens por ela alcançados aos fins da execução, colocando-os à disposição do órgão judicial para, à custa e mediante sacrifício desses bens, realizar o objetivo da execução, que é dar satisfação ao credor".
Segundo Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho3:
Vista sob o aspecto do conceito, a penhora representa o ato material que o Estado realiza com o objetivo de ensejar a expropriação e a consequente satisfação do direito do credor. É um típico ato de imperium do juízo na execução.
Na visão de Pedro Paulo Teixeira Manus4, "penhora é a apreensão física de bens do executado para satisfação do julgado".
No nosso sentir, a penhora é um ato de império do Estado, praticado na execução, que tem por finalidade vincular determinados bens do devedor ao processo, tantos quantos bastem para o pagamento integral do crédito, e, com o produto da futura expropriação
Page 303
judicial desses bens, satisfazer o crédito do exequente. Trata-se de um ato de afetação de determinados bens do devedor que provoca o gravame de vinculá-los ao processo em que realiza a execução.
Da definição que adotamos, destacam-se as seguintes características:
-
a penhora é um ato de força do Estado, de império, que se realiza em benefício da execução, contra a vontade do devedor;
-
a penhora vincula determinados bens do devedor ao processo. Portanto, eventuais transferências dos bens penhorados são ineficazes em face do processo;
-
a quantidade dos bens penhorados deve ser suficiente para o pagamento do valor da execução e também de todas as despesas processuais;
-
com o valor obtido na alienação judicial dos bens penhorados...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Da Penhora
- Conceito e natureza jurídica
- Dos efeitos da penhora
- Da importância da penhora para a execução
- Indicação de bens. Ordem de penhora. Constrição e garantia do juízo
- Do auto de penhora
- Dos bens impenhoráveis
- Da impenhorabilidade do bem de família
- Da penhora de dinheiro e bloqueio de contas bancárias
- Da penhora de salário
- Penhora de bens imóveis
- Penhora de bem gravado com alienação fiduciária em garantia
- Penhora de bem gravado com leasing
- Penhora de faturamento
- Da penhora de empresa e do estabelecimento comercial
- Penhora de crédito
- Penhora no rosto dos autos
- Substituição de penhora
- Mais de uma penhora sobre o mesmo bem (concurso de credores na Justiça do Trabalho)
- Do arresto cautelar (art. 830 do CPC)
- Da avaliação dos bens penhorados
- Do depósito dos bens penhorados e o depositário
- Depositário infiel ? prisão determinada pelo Juiz do Trabalho
Subscribers can access the reported version of this case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a list of all the cited cases and legislation of a document.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a list of all the documents that have cited the case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Os assinantes podem ver as versões revisadas da legislação com emendas
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see any amendments made to the case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a visualisation of a case and its relationships to other cases. An alternative to lists of cases, the Precedent Map makes it easier to establish which ones may be of most relevance to your research and prioritise further reading. You also get a useful overview of how the case was received.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see the list of results connected to your document through the topics and citations Vincent found.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Por que se inscrever na vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.