Introdução
Autor | Alice Ribeiro de Sousa |
Ocupação do Autor | Advogada |
Páginas | 13-16 |
Page 13
Os concursos públicos firmaram-se ao longo da história como o meio de seleção de pessoal mais transparente e justo que o pensamento humano foi capaz de conceber. Em função disso e mesmo de suas raízes históricas antigas, no Brasil o concurso público logo ganhou previsão constitucional para, a seguir, ser eleito o meio de seleção recomendado pelo constituinte brasileiro.
Com o advento da Constituição de 1988, quando tal opção tornou-se ainda mais franca, a jurisprudência passou a se deparar com diversas situações em que a disciplina constitucional não era suficiente para assegurar a isonomia entre os participantes, ao mesmo tempo em que se promovia a seleção dos candidatos mais capacitados. Assim, a aces-sibilidade aos cargos e empregos da Administração Pública Direta e Indireta passou a ser tema de frequentes discussões jurisprudenciais.
Contudo, apesar de sua relevância, já que irá refletir na constituição dos quadros da burocracia estatal, o assunto não tem merecido por parte do legislador infraconstitucional tratamento mais atencioso. De modo geral, observa-se a total ausência de normatização para o instituto do concurso público, repousando as inúmeras decisões judiciais existentes basicamente em preceitos constitucionais e dispositivos encontrados nos respectivos editais.
Levando em consideração tais elementos fáticos, o objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em estudar o concurso público conforme as diversas Constituições Brasileiras, especialmente a de 1988, no intuito de averiguar a existência ou ainda a possibilidade da construção de um
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conjunto de princípios e regras que lhes sejam aplicáveis. São debatidos os procedimentos atinentes à realização de concursos públicos, os casos de sua inexigibilidade, bem ainda as hipóteses de invalidação judicial e administrativa. Em seguida, é verificada a necessidade de elaboração de um conjunto normativo dirigido ao instituto do concurso público.
O primeiro capítulo do trabalho dedica-se à análise histórica do instituto, envolvendo, de início, o seu surgimento e desenvolvimento para, em um segundo momento, proceder ao estudo dos modos de recrutamento empregados no Brasil a partir do Descobrimento. Há ainda um item dedicado a explicar a vinculação entre o servidor público e o Estado, bem como a evolução do profissionalismo dessa espécie de funcionário. Em seguimento, é feito um breve estudo dos modos de recrutamento segundo cada Constituição brasileira.
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