Competência para a execução trabalhista
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 80-81 |
Page 80
Diante da multiplicidade de confiitos existentes na sociedade, houve necessidade de se criarem critérios com o intuito de que os confiitos fossem distribuídos de forma homogênea aos juízes a fim de que a jurisdição pudesse atuar com maior efetividade e também propiciar ao jurisdicionado um acesso mais célere e efetivo a ela. Em razão disso, foi criado um critério de distribuição da jurisdição entre os diversos juízes, que é a competência.
Como adverte Piero Calamandrei88:
A competência é acima de tudo uma determinação dos poderes judiciais de cada um dos juízes. (...) Perguntar qual é a competência de um juiz equivale, por conseguinte, a perguntar quais são os tipos de causas sobre as quais tal juiz é chamado a prover.
Como destaca Athos Gusmão Carneiro89: "Todos os juízes exercem jurisdição, mas a exercem numa certa medida, dentro de certos limites. São, pois ‘competentes’ somente para processar e julgar determinadas causas. A ‘competência’, assim, ‘é a medida da jurisdição’, ou ainda, é a jurisdição na medida em que pode e deve ser exercida pelo juiz".
A CLT disciplina a competência funcional para a fase de execução trabalhista nos arts. 877 e 877-A, in verbis:
Art. 877 da CLT: É competente para a execução das decisões o juiz ou presidente do tribunal que tiver conciliado ou julgado originariamente o dissídio.
Art. 877-A da CLT: É competente para a execução de título executivo extrajudicial o juiz que teria competência para o processo de conhecimento relativo à matéria.
Diante dos referidos dispositivos consolidados, a competência para a execução segue a seguinte regra:
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títulos executivos judiciais: o juiz ou tribunal que apreciou originariamente o dissídio, isto é, aquele que iniciou o processo antes da fase de execução;
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títulos executivos extrajudiciais: o juiz ou tribunal que teria competência para o processo de conhecimento relativo à matéria.
Os arts. 877 e 877-A da CLT tratam da competência funcional para a execução; esta, portanto, é absoluta, não podendo ser alterada pela vontade das partes.
Page 81
Quando a execução for por carta precatória, aplica-se a Súmula n. 32 do TRF, que assim dispõe:
Na execução por carta, os embargos do devedor serão decididos no juízo deprecante, salvo se versarem unicamente vícios ou defeitos da penhora, avaliação ou alienação de bens.
Assevera o art. 51690, parágrafo único, do CPC que no caso em que a execução da sentença se processa em primeiro grau de jurisdição, ou seja, nas...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Teoria Geral da Execução Trabalhista
- Introdução e aspectos críticos
- Do conceito de execução trabalhista
- Princípios da execução trabalhista
- Da aplicação subsidiária do Código de Processo Civil na execução trabalhista e as lacunas da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho
- Competência para a execução trabalhista
- Da alteração da competência material na execução e os processos em curso em razão da Emenda n. 45/04
- Da prescrição na execução trabalhista
- Da conciliação na execução trabalhista
- Da audiência de conciliação na execução trabalhista
- Requisitos preliminares da execução trabalhista (pressupostos processuais e condições da ação executiva)
- Das condições da ação em espécie
- Do mérito da execução
- A postura do Juiz do Trabalho diante da execução
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