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- Insalubridade E Periculosidade. Aspectos Técnicos E Práticos
- Considerações Gerais
Eliminação ou neutralização da insalubridade e/ou periculosidade
Autor | Tuffi Messias Saliba - Márcia Angelim Chaves Corrêa |
Ocupação do Autor | Engenheiro Mecânico. Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho. Advogado - Engenheira Química |
Páginas | 20-22 |
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Segundo o art. 191 da CLT, a eliminação ou neutralização da insalubri-dade ocorrerá:
- com a adoção de medidas que conservem o ambiente de trabalho dentro dos limites de tolerância;
- com a utilização de EPIs pelo trabalhador, que diminuam a intensidade do agente agressivo a limite de tolerância.
Portanto, o controle da exposição aos riscos ocupacionais é feito por meio de medidas relativas ao ambiente e ao homem.
As medidas relativas ao ambiente compreendem aquelas destinadas a eliminar o agente em sua fonte e trajetória, como, por exemplo, a instalação de um sistema de exaustão sobre uma bancada de polimento, onde há grande geração de poeira. Com a adoção dessa medida, a comprovação de sua eficácia será verificada mediante a avaliação quantitativa da concentração de poeira, ou seja, verificando-se se está abaixo dos limites de tolerância.
Não sendo possível ou suficiente o controle no ambiente, deve-se utilizar o controle individual. Dentre as medidas individuais que podem ser aplicadas, a lei prevê o uso do EPI, estabelecendo-se que deverá ele diminuir a intensidade do agente a limites de tolerância.
Desse modo, o equipamento a ser adquirido deve adequar-se ao risco e possuir fator de proteção que permita reduzir a intensidade ou a concentração do agente insalubre a limites de tolerância. Além disso, o uso efetivo do EPI é fundamental: portá-lo não significa uso efetivo. A NR-6 estabelece que a
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empresa é obrigada a fornecer gratuitamente o EPI adequado à atividade, treinar o trabalhador para o uso e torná-lo obrigatório. Já o trabalhador é obrigado a conservar e usar o EPI.
Deve-se destacar, também, o estabelecido no Enunciado 289 do TST: "O simples fornecimento do aparelho de proteção pelo empregador não o exime do pagamento do adicional de insalubridade, cabendo-lhe tomar as medidas que conduzam à diminuição ou eliminação da nocividade, dentre as quais as relativas ao uso efetivo do equipamento pelo empregado".
Com relação à periculosidade, não ocorre a neutralização mediante a utilização do EPI, pois esta é inerente à atividade. Ademais, a Lei não estabelece que o uso do EPI afasta o adicional de periculosidade, como ocorre com a insalubridade, conforme previsão no art. 191, II, da CLT. Assim, o pagamento do adicional de periculosidade somente poderá ser cessado com a eliminação do risco.
Outro aspecto importante a ser considerado é a cessação do pagamento do adicional de insalubridade ou periculosidade, o que...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Insalubridade e Periculosidade. Aspectos Técnicos e Práticos
- Considerações Gerais
- Conceito de insalubridade
- Critério adotado para a caracterização da insalubridade
- Conceito de periculosidade
- Valores dos adicionais de insalubridade e periculosidade
- Eliminação ou neutralização da insalubridade e/ou periculosidade
- Prova pericial
- Laudo pericial
- Apêndice 1 - Portaria n. 3.311, de 29 de novembro de 1989
- Apêndice 2 - Código de Processo Civil - Lei n. 5.869, de 11 de janeiro de 1973. Lei n. 5.584, de 26 de junho de 1970
- Apêndice 3 - Modelo de Laudo Técnico de Avaliação de Calor para fins de insalubridade
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