Liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais no processo do trabalho
Autor | Mauro Schiavi |
Ocupação do Autor | Juiz titular da 19a Vara do Trabalho de São Paulo. Mestre e Doutor em Direito das Relações Sociais pela PUC/SP |
Páginas | 237-238 |
Page 237
Não há previsão específica no CPC, tampouco na CLT, sobre a possibilidade de liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais. Vários doutrinadores negam tal possibilidade, uma vez que a liquidez é requisito essencial para que o título executivo extrajudicial tenha força executiva.
Nesse sentido, pronuncia-se Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho30: "Embora não seja frequente, poderá ocorrer de o título extrajudicial ser ilíquido - particularmente que o tornará legalmente inexigível (CPC, art. 588, § 2º)."
Não obstante, situações há em que o título executivo extrajudicial apresenta os requisitos da certeza e exigibilidade, mas necessita apenas de acertamento por cálculos para que possa ter liquidez.
Desse modo, pensamos à luz dos princípios da instrumentalidade das formas, economia processual, celeridade e efetividade que é possível se instaurar um incidente prévio de liquidação em títulos de natureza extrajudicial. Além disso, a lei não veda que proceda à liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais.
É possível se aplicarem, analogicamente, as modalidades de liquidação por título executivo judicial para a liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais.
A liquidação será um incidente processado no procedimento da execução do título extrajudicial.
Como exemplo, pode-se liquidar eventual pedido ilíquido em termos de conciliação firmados perante as Comissões de Conciliação Prévia, tal como diferenças de FGTS ainda não quantificadas, ou a liquidação das astreintes fixadas nos termos de ajuste de conduta firmados pelo Ministério Público e empresa.
Page 238
Nesse sentido é a abalizada visão de José Augusto Rodrigues Pinto31:
A presença do acertamento por simples cálculo dos dois títulos executivos extrajudiciais trabalhistas postos no art. 876 da CLT parece-nos particular-mente viva sempre que resultarem na pactuação de prestações sucessivas, que permitem tantas execuções quantas forem as ocorrências de vencimento, como está expressamente previsto, aliás, no art. 892, da CLT.
No mesmo sentido é a visão de Luiz Guilherme Marinoni e Sérgio Cruz Arenhart32:
É preciso advertir que, excepcionalmente, os títulos extrajudiciais também podem ser ilíquidos, sujeitando-se então a liquidação. É o que ocorre com...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no Processo do Trabalho
- Da Liquidação no Processo do Trabalho
- Do conceito de liquidação de sentença e sua natureza jurídica
- Da liquidação por cálculos no processo do trabalho
- Se o reclamante não apresentar os cálculos, há prescrição intercorrente?
- Liquidação por arbitramento
- Liquidação por artigos (pelo procedimento comum)
- Da revelia na liquidação de sentença trabalhista
- Da perícia na liquidação
- Liquidação de títulos executivos extrajudiciais no processo do trabalho
- Da natureza da decisão que decide a liquidação no processo do trabalho e impugnabilidade
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