Noções gerais
Autor | Geraldo Aparecido do Livramento |
Ocupação do Autor | O autor é Pedagogo, graduado na primeira turma da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Votuporanga (SP). Especialista em didática |
Páginas | 249-251 |
Page 249
Wambier e Talamini designam o ‘embargos do executado’ como uma "ação de conhecimento, geradora de processo incidental e autônomo, mediante a qual, com a eventual suspensão da execução, o executado impugna a pretensão creditícia do exequente e a validade da relação processual executiva". (WAMBIER; TALAMINI, 2015, v.2, p. 485). Notamos que esta ação autônoma ficou restrita à sua utilização, sendo possível apenas quando se tratar de ação de execução por título executivo extrajudicial. O ‘embargos à execução’, também conhecido como embargos do devedor, é uma forma adequada e clássica para a defesa dos direitos do executado, embora, em nosso ordenamento jurídico, encontremos outras formas de defesa das quais poderá se valer o executado, sendo que estas serão tratadas a posteriori. O ‘embargos à execução’ é vinculado à ação de execução por título executivo extrajudicial e, apesar de autônomo, está submetido à dependência da ação executiva, pois possui com a execução um vínculo indissolúvel, tanto é que, se for extinta a execução, os embargos não poderão prosseguir. Neste sentido é o ensinamento de Marcus Vinicius Rios Gonçalves: "Disso resulta a peculiaridade dos embargos, que ao mesmo tempo guardam autonomia e caráter incidental em relação à execução". (GONÇALVES, 2011, v. 3, p. 175). Para defender-se de uma execução por título executivo extrajudicial o executado terá que promover uma nova demanda em face do exequente, sendo esta semelhante a uma ação de conhecimento, embora tratada de forma subsidiária, por ter um procedimento diferenciado disciplinado no processo de execução.
Page 250
Estudamos anteriormente que a finalidade do processo de execução é a efetividade do próprio direito expresso no título executivo extrajudicial líquido, certo e exigível e, por este motivo, no bojo do processo executivo não é possível o contraditório, não é possível apresentar contestação ao pedido da ação executiva. Contudo, em obediência à garantia constitucional do contraditório, que é oferecida a todos para o exercício do direito de defesa, no processo de execução o contraditório será exercido tanto pelo devedor como por eventual terceiro que não faz parte da relação jurídica processual executiva; o devedor, por via dos embargos à execução, e o terceiro, por via dos embargos de terceiro. Para o exercício do contraditório, para rebater uma ação executiva, o nosso legislador trouxe normas processuais específicas, as quais se encontram regulamentas...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no novo CPC
- Dos embargos à execução
- Noções gerais
- Dos embargos à execução
- Dos embargos à execução por carta
- Do favor legal concedido ao executado
- Dos efeitos e matéria dos embargos à execução
- A matéria de defesa nos embargos à execução
- Do procedimento dos embargos à execução e a petição inicial
- O pedido nos embargos à execução
- Da Intervenção de Terceiro nos Embargos à Execução
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