Ônus da Prova
Autor | Francisco Meton Marques de Lima |
Ocupação do Autor | Professor Titular da Universidade Federal do Piauí - UFPI. Doutor em Direito Constitucional pela UFMG. |
Páginas | 130-132 |
Page 130
Art. 818. O ônus da prova incumbe:
I - ao reclamante, quanto ao fato constitutivo de seu direito;
II - ao reclamado, quanto à existência de fato impeditivo, modificativo ou extintivo do direito do reclamante.
§ 1º Nos casos previstos em lei ou diante de peculiaridades da causa relacionadas à impossibilidade ou à excessiva dificuldade de cumprir o encargo nos termos deste artigo ou à maior facilidade de obtenção da prova do fato contrário, poderá o juízo atribuir o ônus da prova de modo diverso, desde que o faça por decisão fundamentada, caso em que deverá dar à parte a oportunidade de se desincumbir do ônus que lhe foi atribuído.
§ 2º A decisão referida no § 1º deste artigo deverá ser proferida antes da abertura da instrução e, a requerimento da parte, implicará o adiamento da audiência e possibilitará provar os fatos por qualquer meio em direito admitido.
§ 3º A decisão referida no § 1º deste artigo não pode gerar situação em que a desincumbência do encargo pela parte seja impossível ou excessivamente difícil.
Mais uma transposição literal do Código de Processo Civil de 2015:
Art. 373. O ônus da prova incumbe:
I - ao autor, quanto ao fato constitutivo de seu direito;
II - ao réu, quanto à existência de fato impeditivo, modificativo ou extintivo do direito do autor.
§ 1º Nos casos previstos em lei ou diante de peculiaridades da causa relacionadas à impossibilidade ou à excessiva dificuldade de cumprir o
Page 131
encargo nos termos do caput ou à maior facilidade de obtenção da prova do fato contrário, poderá o juiz atribuir o ônus da prova de modo diverso, desde que o faça por decisão fundamentada, caso em que deverá dar à parte a oportunidade de se desincumbir do ônus que lhe foi atribuído.
§ 2º A decisão prevista no § 1º deste artigo não pode gerar situação em que a desincumbência do encargo pela parte seja impossível ou excessivamente difícil.
O Processo Civil valeu-se do modelo processual trabalhista para se tornar mais eficiente e avançou um pouco. Agora, o Processo do Trabalho o copia. A regra do caput e seus incisos é antiga, foi transposta ipsis litteris do CPC de 1973. Os parágrafos são novidade. O § 1º versa sobre a inversão do ônus da prova. O § 2º exige que o juiz decida antes da audiência de instrução. Se houver requerimento nesse sentido, o que pode ser feito até a hora da audiência, esta será adiada para oportunizar o contraditório e a decisão sobre esse, digamos, incidente. O § 3º veda impor ônus da prova...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Reforma Trabalhista. Entenda ponto por ponto
- Processo do Trabalho
- Justiça do Trabalho - Competência
- Tribunais do Trabalho - Processo de Sumulação
- Alterações dos Prazos
- Das Custas Processuais
- Da Justiça Gratuita
- Dos Honorários Periciais
- Dos Honorários Advocatícios
- Responsabilidade por Dano Processual e Litigância de Má-Fé
- Exceção de Incompetência
- Ônus da Prova
- Reclamação Trabalhista
- Contestação e Preposto
- Da Audiência - Arquivamento - Revelia
- Incidente de Desconsideração da Personalidade Jurídica
- Acordo Extrajudicial - Jurisdição Voluntária
- Execução Trabalhista
- Recurso de Revista
- Depósito Recursal
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