- Início
- Livros E Revistas
- Curso de Direito Processual do Trabalho Vol. III. Processo de Execução Processo Cautelar Procedimentos Especiais
- Processo Cautelar
- Primeira Parte - Generalidades
A Antecipação dos Efeitos da TutelaJurisdicional e sua Repercussão no Processo Cautelar
Autor | Manoel Antonio Teixeira Filho |
Páginas | 2504-2506 |
Page 2504
Sempre argumentamos, em livros anteriores, que, se por um lado, a utilização das medidas cautelares com a finalidade de promover a defesa do direito material traduzia um arbitrário desvio de suas origens históricas (pois elas foram concebidas para efetuar a defesa do direito ao processo: arresto, sequestro, atentado, etc.), por outro, dito desvio teleológico se justificava sob o ponto de vista político, uma vez que o Estado já não vinha cumprindo o seu compromisso institucional de realizar, de forma boa e rápida, a entrega da prestação jurisdicional impetrada pelos indivíduos ou pelas coletividades, em sede de processo de conhecimento.
Realmente, a partir do momento em que os jurisdicionados perceberam que o processo de conhecimento e, em especial, o procedimento ordinário eram responsáveis, em larga medida, pela lenteza na solução dos conflitos de interesses submetidos à apreciação do Poder Judiciário, eles, como via alternativa (algo arbitrária, sem dúvida), passaram a fazer uso do processo cautelar como estratégia pragmática para obter uma imediata tutela do direito material, sem o que a lesão a esse direito seria inevitável, e, o que é pior, irreparável.
Por isso, sempre alertamos que processo de conhecimento, com sua cognição exaustiva e seu juízo de certeza, estava provocando uma hipertrofia do processo cautelar, ou seja, um crescimento desmesurado na utilização deste processo, com o escopo de realizar a tutela do direito material, fazendo com que os provimentos acautelatórios fossem marcados por um traço acentuadamente “satisfativo”, próprio (e, de certa forma, exclusivo) do processo cognitivo.
O que preocupava, nesse quadro, era o fato de as medidas cautelares estarem sendo utilizadas como uma espécie de panaceia para combater todos os malefícios da crise que engolfava o processo de conhecimento, porquanto isso implicava converter aquele processo em substitutivo arbitrário deste. De toda sorte, como foi dito, razões de ordem política justificavam, na altura, o manejo do processo cautelar como instrumento de defesa do direito material. Mencione-se, como exemplo característico, a reintegração de trabalhadores, que era concedida, inclusive, liminarmente e sem audiência da parte contrária.
Page 2505
Esse era o panorama da situação quando advém a Lei n. 8.952, de 13 de dezembro de 1994, que, em conjunto com outras três, da mesma data, compõe o que se...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Processo Cautelar
- Primeira Parte - Generalidades
- Ação Cautelar
- Classificação dasAções Cautelares
- Escorço Histórico do Instituto
- Condições da Ação Cautelar
- A Pretensão Cautelar
- Ação Cautelar Inominada
- O Poder Geral da Cautela
- Jurisdição Cautelar
- Competência Cautelar
- Procedimento Cautelar
- A Sentença Cautelar
- Direito Substancial Cautelar
- Preventividade, Provisoriedade,Acessoriedade, Instrumentalidade e Sumariedade Cautelar
- Medidas Cautelares
- Suspensão do Processo Cautelar
- As Exceções no Processo Cautelar
- Responsabilidade Civil do Requerente
- Os Recursos no Processo Cautelar
- Execução das Medidas Cautelares
- Medida Cautelar e Mandado de Segurança
- Medida Cautelar eAção Direta de Inconstitucionalidade
- A Antecipação dos Efeitos da TutelaJurisdicional e sua Repercussão no Processo Cautelar
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