Introdução
Autor | Geraldo Aparecido do Livramento |
Ocupação do Autor | O autor é Pedagogo, graduado na primeira turma da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Votuporanga (SP). Especialista em didática |
Páginas | 117-122 |
Page 117
O Livro II, do Novo Código de Processo Civil trata especificamente do processo de execução e regulamenta o procedimento da execução fundada em título executivo extrajudicial, e suas disposições aplicam-se, também, no que couber, aos procedimentos especiais de execução, aos atos executivos realizados no procedimento de cumprimento de sentença, bem como aos efeitos de atos ou fatos processuais a que a lei atribuir força executiva. As regras do processo de execução por título executivo extrajudicial, subsidiariamente é aplicável em toda espécie de exigência de cumprimento de uma obrigação por via de título judicial, isto é, sentença transitada em julgado. Por outro lado temos que, subsidiariamente, aplica-se ao processo de execução as regras processuais determinadas no Livro I, da parte especial do Novo Código de Processo Civil.
O processo de execução fundado em título executivo extrajudicial demonstra que o direito já se encontra acertado, razão pela qual para o seu exercício não se faz necessária uma anterior ação pelo processo de conhecimento. Para a execução não se exige prévio acertamento de conflito, por via de tutela jurisdicional. No processo de execução o Estado Jurisdicional atua como substituto da parte, pois ampara e articula uma atividade de direito material que compete ao devedor, sintetizada no cumprimento da obrigação devida ao credor. Se o devedor adimplir com sua obrigação não será necessária a intervenção do Estado Jurisdicional para exigir o cumprimento, contudo, se o devedor constituir-se em mora, o Estado Jurisdicional imporá atividades coativas, obrigando-o ao adimplemento. No processo de exe-
Page 118
cução o credor deduz a sua pretensão executiva exigindo que o juiz tome providências práticas e necessárias, de direito material, com o objetivo da efetivação do direito, que se apresenta líquido, certo e exigível por via do título executivo extrajudicial. No processo de execução não se discute acertamento do direito, praticam-se atos de direito material, coagindo o devedor ao cumprimento da sua obrigação. Por esta razão é que o grande Frederico Marques ensina que "o processo de execução é processo de coação". (MARQUES, 1974, v.4, p. 738)
Parte dos doutrinadores defende a impossibilidade da instauração do contraditório na ação executiva, uma vez que este processo é essencialmente coercitivo, em que o Estado Jurisdicional imprime sua força obrigando o devedor a cumprir com a obrigação que já se encontra líquida, certa e exigível. Comungamos com esta ideia, uma vez que o processo de execução não é um processo dialético a permitir discussões e acertamento do direito, é processo de coerção, sujeitando o devedor ao cumprimento de...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Execução no novo CPC
- Do processo de execução
- Introdução
- Disposições gerais
- Atos atentatórios à dignidade da justiça
- Da desistência da execução por título executivo extrajudicial
- Da responsabilidade do exequente por indevida ação de execução
- Princípios do processo de execução
- Das partes no processo de execução
- Requisitos necessários para realizar qualquer execução
- Da responsabilidade patrimonial
- Das Diversas Espécies de Execução
- Da Execução para Entrega de Coisa Certa e Incerta
- Da Execução das Obrigações de Fazer ou de Não Fazer
- Da Execução por Quantia Certa
- Da Expropriação de Bens
- Execução Contra a Fazenda Pública
- Da Execução de Alimentos
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