Responsabilidade Internacional
Autor | Julio César Borges dos Santos |
Ocupação do Autor | Bacharel em Direito. Professor universitário. Mestre em Relações Internacionais pela Universidade de Brasília. Pesquisador do Direito e das Relações Internacionais |
Páginas | 189-193 |
Page 189
Neste capítulo você aprenderá sobre:
· A responsabilidade internacional do Estado.
Pode-se conceituar a responsabilidade internacional como a responsabilidade de um Estado ou organização internacional de reparar o dano causado a um terceiro país em razão de uma conduta internacionalmente ilícita, omissiva ou comissiva. Neste sentido, é importante que se esclareça que não se há de confundir a responsabilidade internacional com a responsabilidade penal internacional.
A finalidade deste instituto é reparar os danos sofridos por um sujeito de Direito Internacional em decorrência de atos praticados por outro sujeito de Direito Internacional - Estados ou organizações internacionais.1Assim, toda conduta ilícita de um sujeito de Direito Internacional Público terá como consequência a sua responsabilização internacional, uma vez que tal instituto se configura como uma resposta do Direito Internacional Público àqueles Estados que descumprem suas regras. Contudo, é notória a precariedade deste instituto pelo fato de não existir internacionalmente um órgão supraestatal capaz de garantir a aplicação das regras de Direito Inter-nacional Público.
Page 190
Com a responsabilidade internacional, o que se busca é a reparação do dano, seja restituindo-se o estado de coisas ao seu status quo ante em relação ao momento do dano, seja indenizando ou compensando a vítima pecuniariamente, incluindo-se juros de mora e lucros cessantes.
Os atos ilegais cometidos por quaisquer dos poderes de um Estado, sejam eles oriundos do Executivo, do Legislativo ou do Judiciário, são de responsabilidade do Estado. Assim, não somente os atos ilícitos internacionais praticados diretamente pelo Executivo, como também por seus funcionários e agentes2, interna e externamente, acarretam responsabilidade internacional para o Estado.
Esta responsabilidade estatal é objetiva, todavia ocorrerá apenas nas circunstâncias em que o Estado não chama a si a responsabilidade pela adoção das medidas devidas relativas à responsabilização e punição dos culpados.3A responsabilidade internacional de um Estado pode decorrer de uma conduta positiva, de uma ação (responsabilidade por comissão) ou de uma omissão (responsabilidade por omissão). Pode surgir do descumprimento de um tratado internacional do qual o Estado violador...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Curso de Direito Internacional Público
- Introdução
- O Estudo do Direito Internacional Público
- Tratados Internacionais
- Personalidade Internacional - Estado
- Personalidade Internacional - Organizações Internacionais
- Personalidade Internacional - Coletividades Não Estatais
- Personalidade Internacional - População
- Personalidade Internacional - Estrangeiros
- Personalidade Internacional - Pessoa Jurídica
- Proteção Internacional dos Direitos Humanos
- Conflitos Internacionais
- Direito Comunitário
- Domínio Público Internacional
- Responsabilidade Internacional
- Tribunal Penal Internacional
- Exercícios
- Gabarito das questões
- Bibliografia
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