Introdução
Autor | Hugo Cavalcanti Melo Filho |
Páginas | 21-25 |
Page 21
No momento histórico atual, dois fenômenos podem ser facilmente identificados: de um lado, a deslegitimação dos poderes políticos e a crise de crença na autoridade pública e, de outro, o protagonismo social e político do Poder Judiciário.
A crise do sistema político, que se constitui em fenômeno universal, “está relacionada com o processo de mudança do sistema produtivo, dos valores e das pautas de conduta da sociedade e da organização e natureza do Estado, que produziram uma nova divisão do trabalho entre governos, empresários e sociedade civil” (SAAVEDRA, 1997:37, apud CARVALHO, 1997:6).
Neste novo cenário, o Judiciário vem recebendo diferentes tipos de demandas, que terminam por promover uma significativa pressão sobre o aparato judicial. Demandas que antes eram dirigidas ao Legislativo e são apresentadas, agora, ao Judiciário, na expectativa de que ele venha a suprir determinados serviços negligenciados pela Administração Pública.
De modo que é pela omissão dos demais Poderes que o Judiciário “se vai constituindo em lugar de demanda por direitos, redefinindo a ortodoxia da divisão clássica de Montesquieu” (WERNECK VIANNA et al., 1997:18) e assume o papel estratégico e fundamental de salvaguarda desses direitos e garantias, de instância de controle jurídico e vetor de limitação das ações do poder político.
Em suma, “estamos hoje centrados na ideia do direito e do sistema judicial como fatores decisivos da vida coletiva democrática, do desenvolvimento de uma política forte e densa de acessos ao direito e à justiça”, como observa Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2007:11).
Naturalmente, por ter sido menos um resultado desejado por seus membros e mais um efeito inesperado da transição para a democracia
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(WERNECK VIANNA et al., 1997:12), no Brasil, o protagonismo do Poder Judiciário alcançou-o sem que estivesse equipado material, conceitual e doutrinariamente para dar conta da carga de novos problemas que a sociedade passou a lhe apresentar, circunstância que terminou por delinear a visão que dele se forma na sociedade.
Espera-se uma grande transformação do sistema judiciário. A criação de uma outra cultura judiciária que conduza ao exercício democrático da jurisdição1, o que passa, necessariamente, pela construção de um modelo democrático de magistratura.
Este trabalho é uma investigação sobre a administração dos tribunais e o governo da magistratura no Brasil, bem assim sobre a informalidade engendrada pelo modelo oligárquico prevalecente. Examina-se em que medida essas características dificultam a construção de uma justiça democrática, inclusive...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Judiciário Oligárquico
- Agradecimentos
- Prefácio
- Introdução
- O poder judiciário
- Administração dos tribunais e controle da magistratura
- Um paradigma: o ministério público nacional
- Déficit democrátio na administração dos tribunais
- Cultura política e democracia
- Da administração oligárquica à informalidade institucional: uma análise à luz da teoria dos sistemas
- Instituições informais
- Instituições informais no poder judiciário
- Rumo à democratização do poder judiciário
- Democratização do judiciário e accountability: pontos para a democracia brasileira
- Conclusão
- Referências
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