Um paradigma: o ministério público nacional
Autor | Hugo Cavalcanti Melo Filho |
Páginas | 68-70 |
Page 68
Após o exame feito até aqui, convém seja a situação do Judiciário cotejada com outras estruturas. Faça-se singela comparação com o Poder Legislativo, guardadas todas as diferenças. A exemplo do Poder Judiciário (a partir do segundo grau de jurisdição), o Legislativo não é exercido de forma unipessoal, como ocorre com o Poder Executivo. As mesas diretoras das Casas Legislativas são eleitas pelo voto direto e universal dos membros (art. 7º do Regimento Interno da Câmara dos Deputados e art. 60 do Regimento Interno do Senado Federal)87. Se transportássemos, por exemplo, para a Câmara dos Deputados, as regras que se aplicam ao Judiciário, mutatis mutandis, o Presidente e demais integrantes da Mesa seriam eleitos pelo Colégio de Líderes, dentre os seus membros. E, ainda assim, seria mais democrático do que ocorre no Judiciário, porque os líderes partidários que compõem o Colégio de Líderes são escolhidos livremente por seus pares (art. 9º do RI), dentro de cada partido (salvo o líder do governo, indicado pelo Presidente da República, art. 11 do RICD)88.
No entanto, o melhor paradigma, sem dúvida, é o Ministério Público. O Ministério Público Nacional organiza-se paralelamente ao Poder Judiciário. Há o Ministério Público dos Estados e o da União. Este último é dividido em Ministério Público do Trabalho e Militar, além do Ministério Público do Distrito Federal e Territórios. Há um Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público, Conselhos Superiores, um para cada ramo. Há dirigentes, com mandatos de dois
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anos, em todos os ramos. Os membros do Ministério Público têm as mesmas prerrogativas e as mesmas vedações dos juízes, especialmente após a Emenda Constitucional n. 45/2004.
No Ministério Público, a partir da Constituição de 1988, vem-se construindo uma cultura democrática.
Os Procuradores-gerais de Justiça dos Estados são escolhidos pelos Governadores, de lista tríplice formada por eleição direta de todos os integrantes da carreira. São elegíveis não apenas os Procuradores de Justiça (que atuam no segundo grau de jurisdição), mas também os Promotores. Em 2006, havia promotores exercendo o cargo de Procurador-Geral de Justiça em treze Estados da Federação89, situação que não se alterou desde então. Por exemplo, em janeiro de 2011, o promotor Aguinaldo Fenelon tomou posse como Procurador--Geral de Justiça do Estado de Pernambuco90. Reeleito por seus pares para nova lista tríplice foi indicado, outra vez, pelo Governador do Estado, em...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- Judiciário Oligárquico
- Agradecimentos
- Prefácio
- Introdução
- O poder judiciário
- Administração dos tribunais e controle da magistratura
- Um paradigma: o ministério público nacional
- Déficit democrátio na administração dos tribunais
- Cultura política e democracia
- Da administração oligárquica à informalidade institucional: uma análise à luz da teoria dos sistemas
- Instituições informais
- Instituições informais no poder judiciário
- Rumo à democratização do poder judiciário
- Democratização do judiciário e accountability: pontos para a democracia brasileira
- Conclusão
- Referências
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